State Farm Dangerous Intersection - 1956 Words

cases State Farm: Dangerous Intersections Abstract State Farm, the nation’s largest auto insurer, distributed a list of the 10 most dangerous intersections in the United States based on crashes resulting in claims by its policyholders. What started as a study to reduce risk turned into an ongoing study that directs a major public relations effort: State Farm provides funds for communities to further research their dangerous intersections and initiate improvements based on the research. This case tells you how the State Farm Dangerous Intersections initiative got started and how it is done. www.statefarm.com The Scenario State Farm Insurance has a rich history of proactive safety involvement in auto and appliance design to†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The reporting threshold for police filing reports on accidents differs widely from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Some will only fill out reports when personal injury or criminal behavior is involved. Others will fill them out only when a vehicle is damaged to the degree that it needs to be towed from the scene. Still others fill out such reports on every incident. Traffic volume reports are often prepared infrequently and often by independent sources. Not only may the data quality be questionable, but the time period in which the data was collected may not match our 1998 incident reports in every city involved. Also, when traffic volumes are factored in, low volume roads with relatively few crashes are often deprioritized. Now that we’re through with the 2001 study, we are asking ourselves if intersection volume should be factored in, and if so, how it can be included without significantly increasing our effort in data processing.† In the 1998 study, State Farm identified 172 dangerous intersections. The top 10 most dangerous intersections in the United States were released publicly (www.statefarm. com). Public affairs staff for each state could request that up to 10 intersections be identified for their state. â€Å"This was usually determined by the resources that our local public affairs staff were willing to put toward the program,† shared Nepomuceno. â€Å"Each state had to recognize a top 10 national intersection, but they couldShow MoreRelatedAssignment 3 Bus 642 Essay1021 Words   |  5 Pageswill eliminate the chance of having misinterpreted data put into an important project and it will lend you an additional source. Researchers should evaluate and select information sources based on the 5 factors. Read the case study,  State Farm: Dangerous Intersections.  Answer discussion questions 1 through 5. 1.  Identify the various constructs and concepts involved in the study. To answer this question we must define what a concept and construct is, â€Å"an image or idea specifically invented forRead MoreEssay about Bus 642 Week 3 Assignment809 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst time use of a product. State Farm article, 1-5 1. Identify the various constructs and concepts involved in the study. State Farm is trying to create a study in order to prevent as many recurring accidents while making areas safer. The new data will be used to identify patterns of problems. 2. What hypothesis might drive the research of one of the cities on the top 10 dangerous intersection list? Of the top 10 listed dangerous intersections, I believe one has had the most frequentRead MoreAmerican Countries : Female Leaders, The Myth That They Are Behind The United States Essay804 Words   |  4 PagesU.S. is false. (Weiss, L., 2014). Another stereotype is that immigrants are taking money away from the United States. Despite the speculation about the financial cost of immigrants, Norris-Tirrell (2002) reported that immigrants cost Florida a mere $25 a year more than the average resident and that undocumented residents brought in more than $200 a year per person to Texas. INTERSECTION OF RACE, RACISM AND WHITE PRIVELAGE AMONG LATIN AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS Latinos have often been described as; brownRead MoreEssay on Are Red Light Cameras the Answer?2053 Words   |  9 Pagescity-to-city and state-to-state in a much faster and efficient manner. Its numbers increased as it gained popularity and became affordable. This led to the development of road networks both within and between cities. Problems arose in the areas where roads intersected each other; accidents occurred at these intersections due to the lack in control of vehicular movements. Cities employed people to direct traffic at busy intersections to address this issue, but eventually the intersections became tooRead MoreThe Issue Of Sex Work1715 Words   |  7 PagesEast-hastings, Downtown Vancouver as prostitutes. He would then bring them back to his farm and not only torture these women, but kill them. After Pickton’s trial, it was revealed that 65 women had gone missing in Vancouver and the Vancouver Police Department was to blame for in their poor investigations over the last two decades. This case led sex worker activists to blame and criticize Canada’s prostitution laws. Sampson states that prostitution has never been criminalized in Canada, however, the CriminalRead MoreLatin Americ The United States Essay2417 Words   |  10 PagesMichelle Bachelet. (Weiss, L., 2014). Another stereotype is that immigrants are taking money away from the United States. Despite the speculation about the financial cost of immigrants, Norris-Tirrell (2002) reported that immigrants cost Florida a mere $25 a year more than the average resident and that undocumented residents brought in more than $200 a year per person to Texas. INTERSECTION OF RACE, RACISM AND WHITE PRIVELAGE AMONG LATIN AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS Latinos have often been described as; brownRead MoreGlobal Positioning System ( Gps )2026 Words   |  9 PagesHowever, none of them offered the same accuracy, particularly on a worldwide basis. The primary technique used prior to GPS was LORAN. LORAN, an abbreviation for long range navigation, was a hyperbolic radio navigation system developed in the United States. The land-based system of radio navigation was first developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during World War II for military aircraft and ships located within 600 miles (about 970 km) of the American coast. LORAN was not a global technologyRead MoreThe Importance of Water in Oman Economy2781 Words   |  12 Pageswater resources . 2. world experience in falaj system. Falaj canal water is underground facilities from the farms and villages, and Troy is still in Oman Falaj 4000 to provide irrigation for crops and water supply network of rural household The Falaj in Armenia and Persia in 800 BC, to the Sultanate of Oman , Iraq , and from there spread to Spain and North Africa. Falaj construction : from the farm to the water canals of water , the water can flow into the tunnel apartment . However, the simplicity isRead MoreThe Effects Of Sex On The United States3198 Words   |  13 PagesRiley Newton April 15th, 2015 Government and Economics Mike Franz The Effects of Criminalizing Sex Work In The United States Sex work and prostitution has long been a taboo topic in many societies, and the United States is not exempt. It is viewed by many people outside of sex work as exploitive, degrading, morally wrong or questionable, and is criminalized in the United States. However, many people who hold these views, including government officials, either are misinformed about the effects ofRead MoreSustainable Cities6522 Words   |  27 Pages2013. The system will consume 65% to 80% of energy as compared to conventional air conditioning. Case Study 2 International Tech Park, Bangalore A joint venture comprising Singapore’s Information Technology Park, Tata Industries and the Karnataka State Government has developed an integrated, self-contained complex of multi-storied offices, residential and recreational facilities supporting over 130 companies with 20000 employees. During the planning stages, the concept of heat recovery and cooling

Offender Re Entry And Recidivism - 1038 Words

OFFENDER RE-ENTRY AND RECIDIVISM Gabriela Jimenez Dr. Kucharski PSY 370-02 May, 2016 Offender Re-entry and Recidivism Corrections and Criminal Justice are major fields in the area of psychological research. The attention driven to these two fields reflect greatly on the public’s interest and opinion on the control of crime in the United States. Risk, need, and other characteristics of offenders’ influence on the management of programs to reduce criminal recidivism (Andrews,1989). Reintegration back to society for ex-convicts involves numerous hurdles to overcome. Each day, roughly 1,600 prisoners are released (Petersilia, 2003 pg3) back to their communities. Easier said than done, these individuals have to continue where they left off. The issues that come along with this all relate to how these individuals will succeed at their second chance. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, in 2011-2012 an estimated 40 percent of federal and state inmates reported having chronic medical conditions (Berzosky, 2015). Other research suggests that 75 percent of inmates are illiterate at the 12th-grade level (Rosario, 2010). Medical conditions, lack of social skills, lack of work-training, and lack of education, along with a criminal history is a recipe for hardship that ex-convicts face; often leading to recidivism. Once in the correctional system, offenders are exposed to events and experiences that will in many cases result in increasing the probability thatShow MoreRelatedReducing Recidivism, Provide Treatment For Offenders, And Assist With Re Entry1185 Words   |  5 Pagesthat would help society and lessen overcrowding, and that’s to help those that are committing crimes due to an addiction disorder. In this paper, I will explore option’s that will help the growing population, reduce recidivism, provide treatment for offenders, and assist with re-entry. Substance use disorder is characterized by: the use of a mood or behavior altering substance in a maladaptive pattern resulting in significant impairment or distress, such as failure to fulfill social or occupationalRead MoreHuman Rights Watch Describes Housing Policies1342 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Upon release from prison, approximately 600,000 of ex-offenders are being released back into the community annually and will confront legal obstacles in their journey to reenter society. Many prisoners’ ex-offenders return to prison because they are unable to make the transition back into society. One factor that influences recidivism is lack of access to housing. In a study of 404,638 exoffenders in 30 states in 2005. 67.8 percent of releasedRead MoreDiscovering Practices That Reduces Recidivism1362 Words   |  6 PagesDiscovering Practices that Reduces Recidivism Kemisha Reid John Jay College of Criminal Justice Abstract Prisoner reentry has recently returned to policymaking agenda, as the need to remedy the cycle of incarceration is being acknowledge and addressed. With this renewed interest in reentry come federal funds and an effort to rigorously evaluate programs aimed at helping prisoners successfully reintegrate into their communities. This paper examines these initiatives, describing lessons learnedRead MoreEvaluation of Correctional Education Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesso prison re-entry rate will drop. Programs such as Preparing Inmates for Re-Entry through Assistance, Training, and Employment Skills (PIRATES) are developed to reduce offenders’ negative career thoughts and teach essential skills in order to return back to society (Musgrove, Derzis, Shippen, Brigman, 2012). Additionally, such programs are not only beneficial to offender’s mental health, but can also essentially reduce recidivism rate, lower cost associated with offender’s re-entry, support formerRe ad MoreOffenders And The Need For Treatment Case Study1407 Words   |  6 PagesOffenders and the Need for Treatment Law enforcement’s hardline stance to treat addiction with a criminal justice approach rather than with a public health approach has resulted in over-crowded prisons and offenders in need of treatment. The rise of the prison population began with the enactment of the federal Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986 and The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Olson Lurigio, 2014). Highlighting the escalating prison population, Olson and Lurigio (2014) noted that from 1990-2000Read MoreCommunity Based Corrections Essay example1108 Words   |  5 Pagesof correction. These offenders have been convicted or are facing conviction. Some offenders have entered these programs before being in jail and some serve a part of their sentence in jail before entering the program. The goals of the community based corrections would be one of providing guidance, program opportunities and support to the offender’s who are returning to the communities. (Goals- Re-entry Initiative) They are to help prevent the offender from recidivism. These programs areRead MoreTraum Trauma And Its Effects On Mental Health1141 Words   |  5 PagesTrauma-informed Care Trauma-informed Care involves identifying youth with trauma by assessments and treating trauma through cognitive behavioral treatment models.8 Juvenile prevention and re-injury programs look to routinely screen for trauma exposure, the programs use culturally appropriate evidence-based assessment and treatment for traumatic stress and associated mental health symptoms; and make resources available to children, families, and providers on trauma exposure, its impact, and treatmentRead MorePrison Reflection Paper974 Words   |  4 PagesI would like to explain the challenges face by the offenders after release from prisons such as jobs, housing, voting, and more. The article also describes the effect of stigma and punitive punishment on the life of offender after re-entering back into society. Reintegration is the most difficult issue for the correctional system due to the safety of the community and increases chances of recidivism. Reintegration is the process where an offender is prepared to return safely to the society as a law-abidingRead MoreRecidivism in the United States Criminal Justice System Essay1203 Words   |  5 PagesRecidivism in the United States Criminal Justice System An ongoing and increasingly evident issue in the criminal justice system is how convicted individuals reenter society with little or no gradual process. These individuals often resort back to criminal activity in an act termed recidivism. According to the National institute of Justice(NIJ), recidivism â€Å"refers to a person’s relapse into criminal behavior, often after the person receives sanctions or undergoes intervention for a previousRead MoreHow Does Lack Of Support System And Resulting Poverty Influence Prisoner Re Entry?916 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: (1.5-2) (Story on prisoner and his life after prison here) In 2014, the United States incarcerated 449,000 newly convicted offenders while releasing 636,300 inmates (Carson, 2015). Upon release, offenders were expected to be able to function back in society under parole supervision. This is not the case for many offenders. As they are released from prison, they lack the necessary skills, education, opportunities and support system to successfully reintegrate back into society (Petersilia

Life of Pi Analysis Free Essays

Summary Piscine Molitor Patel – Protagonist in the story, also the narrator – also known as Pi Ravi Patel – Pi’s older brother by three years Santosh Patel – Pi’s father, owns a zoo in Pondicherry, India Gita Patel – Pi’s Mother Satish Kumar – Pi’s biology teacher in Pondicherry Father Martin – A catholic priest that introduces Pi to the catholic faith Satish Kumar – A Muslim mystic that shares the same name with Pi’s biology teacher Hindu Pandit – A man whom is never named, he becomes very angry at Pi for practicing religions other than his own Pi Patel, a Hindu boy from Pondicherry, India, narrates this novel. The novel begins with Pi going into great depth about the life of a sloth, which reminds him of a god. Pi explains how he got his name – from a swimming pool. We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Pi Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now This leads into Pi’s life story, which begins with his fond memories of his father’s zoo in India. Following this is a memory of a trip he took with his family, where he meets a catholic priest who introduces him to Catholicism. Later on this trip, Pi meets a Muslim mystic who introduces Pi to the Muslim faith. Pi is deeply intrigued with other religions and their practices, but his curiosity crushed when a Hindu Pandit informs Pi’s parents that he is practicing other religions than his own. Significant Quotes â€Å"I know zoos are no longer in people’s good graces. Religion faces the same problem. Certain illusions about freedom plague them both. † Page 21 This quote shows how closely related Pi sees animals and religion. People misunderstand the life of animals in the wild; they do not understand that life in captivity at a zoo might very well be a better life for an animal – just as people misunderstand what it means for someone to be free of a religion. Religion can take away the harshness of reality, just as the walls of a zoo enclosure can show one reality, but not the one beyond the walls. Pi is trying to show how religion can make a life simpler and more enjoyable. â€Å"I can well imagine an atheist’s last words: â€Å"White, white! L-L-Love! My God! †Ã¢â‚¬â€and the deathbed leap of faith. Whereas the agnostic, if he stays true to his reasonable self, if he stays beholden to dry, yeastless factuality, might try to explain the warm light bathing him by saying, â€Å"Possibly a f-f-failing oxygenation of the b-b-brain,† and, to the very end, lack imagination n and miss the better story. † Page 70 This quote illustrates how closely religion is linked to creativity and imagination. How an atheist believes in the nonexistence of god, still believes in something and has the capacity to change their beliefs, where as an agnostics are uncertain, with no beliefs and therefore lacking imagination to devise a guide for their life. Without stories of beliefs in our lives -like in an agnostics life – life is ‘dry ‘ and ‘yeastless’ or flat and dull. â€Å"I couldn’t get Him out of my head. Still can’t. I spent three solid days thinking about Him. The more He bothered me, the less I could forget Him. And the more I learned about Him, the less I wanted to leave Him. † Page 63 This quote shows the depth of Pi’s faith at such a young age. He seeks God not only through his own religion, but also in religions that he adopts throughout his journeys. Pi’s goal is to love God – innocent but extremely powerful. How to cite Life of Pi Analysis, Essay examples

The Most Dangerous “Sport” In the US free essay sample

A sport is defined by Google as, â€Å"an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment† (Google). When you think of a sport, what comes to mind? To some, football or soccer and to others, basketball or baseball, but what about cheerleading? Is cheerleading a sport? When the word â€Å"cheerleading† is mentioned, people tend to picture a blonde with her hair done flawlessly and in a little cheer uniform cheering for the football team. Overlook that archetype because the cheer world has taken a huge turn around. Cheerleaders no longer exist to cheer on teams, but to cheer on themselves. Cheer gyms and cheer teams these days travel all-around the United States to compete in national championships. Every cheer gym or team has a designer that makes their uniforms. â€Å"Varsity Spirit, largest of about 50 companies catering [at cheerleading events], had revenue approaching $150 million [in 2002]† (Brady). We will write a custom essay sample on The Most Dangerous â€Å"Sport† In the US or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most teams use Varsity and the company has shoes, bows, uniforms, and cheer accessories that you can either buy online or at cheer competitions. There will never be a time where teams will have the same uniform as another. With other designers, such as Varsity, they have all different styles of designs, patterns or materials that can be used to make each uniform. Cheer uniforms are certainly not cheap and rarely do you see a uniform less than $45.00. Uniforms can range from $50.00 to at most $400.00 but that is not including all the accessories needed to make the whole uniform; Shoes usually cost about $50.00 to about $100.00, Spanks, the colored shorts that go underneath the skirt, cost about $10, Bows cost about $20.00 to about $40.00 (Varsity). Varsity will continue to grow with all these moms and dads becoming parents like you’ve seen on â€Å"Toddlers and Tiara’s†. Cheerleading is usually for ages from about 5 to 18 years old with different age groups and levels depending on the skills of the individuals and the squad as a whole. Usatoday.com states, â€Å"There are about 3 million cheerleaders in the USA† and â€Å"there are about 1,500 All Star programs in the USA operating in 613 gyms† (Brady). With so many kids, teens, and adults who cheer and coach, cheerleading continues to grow and become more dangerous. For college students, cheerleading is at a whole new level and colleges can take cheerleading to the extreme. Teams are able to stack cheerleaders upon eachother to create a stunt called a pyramid. The pyramid can be as tall as 6 people high (Varsity). LifeScience staff states â€Å"For high school girls and college women, cheerleading is far more dangerous than any other sport† and with injuries in the United States from ages 5 to 18 have been to the hospital and injuries have â€Å"jumped from 10,900 in 1990 to 2 2,900 in 2002, according to research published in the journal Pediatrics in 2006† (LiveScience Staff). With so many injuries occurring, cheerleaders are putting their lives at risk, but when you truly love something, you would continue to do it no matter what happens. For the collegiate level of cheerleading, it has an extreme occasion of injuries. Most cheerleaders will jump, stunt, and tumble whenever, wherever because they absolutely love the sport and will cheer at any moment that they can. University cheer squads will typically have half the cheerleaders boys and the other half the cheerleaders girls. The guys lift the girls and do elite stunts that are dangerous to anyone that is involved in the stunt. Cheerleaders love cheering so much that their life consists of doing it at all times. Everyone wants to be the flyer and be on top of the stunt, but not everyone can do that. There is a huge debate about cheerleading being called a â€Å"sport†.Teams such as gymnast ics and dance reguire just about the same exact amount of people to join and a lot of muscle to hit each event or dance the right way. In order for a team to be called a â€Å"team†, the group needs to meet the following sport regulations: Squad Definition A group of students playing together against another group of students is a squad. A student is considered a member of a squad when the student is included on a school’s eligibility list for that sport [, or gym that sponsors the team]. Uniform Requirements Uniforms worn by an individual or team representing a member school must comply with the adopted rulebook requirements for the activity. Number of High School Squad- Each high school may field no more than one (1) Varsity and one (1) Junior Varsity squad per sport. The limitation of contests applies to each squad and to each player (Chism). Cheerleading requires both guys and girls to have a lot, the ability to dance, and to have tumbling skills. There are stunts that they perform that â€Å"challenge† the body. AACCA, American Association of Cheerleading Coaches and Cdministrators, is a safety associations have set guidelines and rules as to show coaches how to perform safe cheerleading skills. The association shows safe ways to do jumps, tumbling, and stunts. Cheerleaders learn best from their coaches so the AACCA helps the coaches to that. â€Å"In the past, cheerleading teams were able to get along with the support of a coach that did not need to have experience in cheerleading.† In today’s world, the coach needs to have experience and background with cheerleading. The coaches of these cheer teams and cheerleaders have to be trained at events that give â€Å"expert coaching in all areas of cheerleading. Some states are now formally recognizing cheerleaders as student athletes, which provide opportunities for academic honors and even exposure under the athletic tragic insurance policy carried by the school. They are allowing rational participation in competitive events. State activities and athletic associations are working together with state cheerleading coaches to provide training in safety and the day-to-day program development needed to continue the safe participation in cheerleading† (AACCA.org). With cheerleading rules and regulations changing year after year to update and to keep cheerleaders safe, coaches are able to protect their teams and also coach them with new ways to tumble, stunt, and jump. Since cheerleading is now moving up and becoming well known, schools and colleges are now considering it to be a sport. Once people see the background and what it takes to be a cheerleader, they tend to change their point of view on it. The sport of cheerleading now exists for the cheerleaders to cheer on themselves. Works Cited AACCA.org Cheerleading as a Sport. AACCA.org Cheerleading as a Sport. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Dec. 2014. Brady, Erik. â€Å"Cheerleading in the USA: A sport and an industry.† USA TODAY. usatoday.com, 2003. Web. 9 Oct. 2014. Chism, Nancy Van Note. Teaching Awards: What Do They Award? The Journal of Higher Education 77.4 (2006): 589-617. Wiaa.om. Wiaa.com. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. Google. Google. Google, n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. Live Science Staff. Girls Most Dangerous Sport: Cheerleading. LiveScience. TechMedia Network, 11 Aug. 2008. Web. 9 Oct. 2014. Shields, Brenda J., and Gary A. Smith. Cheerleading-Related Injuries In The United States: A Prospective Surveillance Study. Journal Of Athletic Training (National Athletic Trainers Association) 44.6 (2009): 567-577. Academic Search Complete. Web. 9 Oct. 2014. The Official Site Varsity.com We Are Cheerleading. The Official Site Varsity.com We Are Cheerleading. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2014.

Why Lady Macbeth Is More Guilty Essay Example For Students

Why Lady Macbeth Is More Guilty Essay THROUGH THE VIEW OF A READER, THE REASONS WHY MACBETH IS MORE GUILTY BY HIS ACTIONS THEN LADY MACBETH IS BY HERS. Macbeth is a very exciting story containing all kinds of plots and murders. The characters that are killing and are planning murders are all very deceiving and treacherous. Two of the most dangerous criminals in this play are Lady Macbeth and her husband. Together they commit the most dreadful murder by killing the King; Duncan. This is why it is difficult to determine which one of these two is more guilty, because they each do their own part in committing the crime. Lady Macbeth would prepare the plan and then encourage Macbeth to go through with it. Macbeth did the actual murdering, he was also the first person who thought about killing Duncan. Furthermore he did some killing on his own. Lady Macbeth did not have any involvement in these cases. Based on these facts, Macbeth would be found more guilty than Lady Macbeth. We will write a custom essay on Why Lady Macbeth Is More Guilty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The very first murder in this story was committed on Duncan. This crime was planned by both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. The actual murder was done by Macbeth, making him more guilty of the crime. Lady Macbeth just talked about committing the crime, but she never actually went through with it nor would she ever, and that is all that counts. Talking about committing the incident is very different from actually doing it. Lady Macbeth did a little more than just talk about it though. She also urged Macbeth into doing it and that is what makes her part of this crime, but she is not as guilty as Macbeth. He really didnt have to listen to what his wife said. Macbeth had a mind of his own and he could make his own decision. The other murders that Macbeth was involved in were not committed by him, but were ordered by him. The people who did the killing had no choice, they had to do it, because they worked for Macbeth. Macbeth knew this and was a bit more guilty in these murders then lady Macbet h was when she urged him. The idea of killing Duncan first came from Macbeth. Macbeth listened to the witches prophecies that said he would become King. Macbeth did not want to wait any longer and he thought the only way to become King was to kill the present King; Duncan. Macbeth later told Lady Macbeth about this and she just wanted to help him and do whatever she could for him, so that he would be happy and be King. She was also excited about becoming a Queen so she pushed Macbeth forward and did not let him back down from doing what he said hed do. Macbeth had a good chance of becoming King if Duncan was out of the picture, so Lady Macbeth helped stage a plan so that Macbeth could kill him without being caught. Lady Macbeth wanted to do this for herself as well but she was mostly doing this for Macbeth because she loved him so much. Macbeth is a regular murderer throughout the play and is involved in a lot more murders then Lady Macbeth is. She was only involved in the murder of the King while Macbeth was killing people throughout the whole story. He killed lots of men fighting for the King, and later on he killed the King. After killing the King he ordered some of his men to murder Banquo and Fleance, Fleance got away though. Later on through the story when Macduff went to join Malcolm, Macbeth had Macduffs family killed. Macbeth was a man that murdered far more people then his wife did. So he was a more guilty person then she was. Through the story Macbeth got obsessed with killing others and he wanted to kill more, while Lady Macbeth became so self conscience that she went crazy and killed herself. Throughout the course of the story it is tough to decide who is a more guilty person, but if you look at it through the eyes of todays law you will see that Macbeth is more guilty of murder. This is because he had killed a lot people before he killed the King, and when he did kill the King by himself Lady Macbeth had nothing to do with it. She only made a plan and told him to do it and that isnt as bad as actually committing the crime unless Macbeth was mentally ill. Macbeth was not considered mentally ill though because he went on to become King where he made decisions on his own and ordered even more people to be murdered, and Lady Macbeth had nothing to do with those murders at all.

Free Essays on The Thing They Carried

The Things They Carried War is hell. The simple phrase is basically true and seems easy to imagine. However, nothing compares to actually fighting in a war. The narrator, Tim O’Brien tells many stories about his war experience and brings the reader into his world of bravery, shame, death, and beauty. Obviously the title evinces that one of the focuses is on what the soldiers carried, which not only covers the physical items but bleeds into the emotional and psychological baggage of the war. Even after the war, the soldiers still had to â€Å"hump† the pain, guilt, nightmares, and deaths that continue to burden their thoughts. Every character carried items specific to their rank, necessity, mission, superstition, background, girlfriends, and many other factors. In The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien and Jimmy Cross carried many of the same items for survival and sanity, but their personal items and those hidden deep within the thought and consciousness separate the two soldiers and th e men that actually returned from the war. Jimmy Cross was the leader and in charge of the platoon; therefore, he carried more equipment than others including a compass, code books, maps, and binoculars. Along with the leadership role came the responsibility of being an example, keeping his men alive, and fulfilling his commands. This weight was heavier than any item he carried. He held himself reliable for the death of any of his men. When Ted Lavender died as a result of Jimmy not securing the area well enough, Jimmy burned his most prized possessions. He was known for his pictures of Martha, a girl he went out with once in college and corresponds with in letters, pictures, and a pebble. His illusion of her actually loving him obviously helped him cope with the pressures of leadership and the more general anxiety of war and dying at about any time. He treasured his letters from her and constantly daydreamed about her. This was a distraction... Free Essays on The Thing They Carried Free Essays on The Thing They Carried The Things They Carried War is hell. The simple phrase is basically true and seems easy to imagine. However, nothing compares to actually fighting in a war. The narrator, Tim O’Brien tells many stories about his war experience and brings the reader into his world of bravery, shame, death, and beauty. Obviously the title evinces that one of the focuses is on what the soldiers carried, which not only covers the physical items but bleeds into the emotional and psychological baggage of the war. Even after the war, the soldiers still had to â€Å"hump† the pain, guilt, nightmares, and deaths that continue to burden their thoughts. Every character carried items specific to their rank, necessity, mission, superstition, background, girlfriends, and many other factors. In The Things They Carried, Tim O’Brien and Jimmy Cross carried many of the same items for survival and sanity, but their personal items and those hidden deep within the thought and consciousness separate the two soldiers and th e men that actually returned from the war. Jimmy Cross was the leader and in charge of the platoon; therefore, he carried more equipment than others including a compass, code books, maps, and binoculars. Along with the leadership role came the responsibility of being an example, keeping his men alive, and fulfilling his commands. This weight was heavier than any item he carried. He held himself reliable for the death of any of his men. When Ted Lavender died as a result of Jimmy not securing the area well enough, Jimmy burned his most prized possessions. He was known for his pictures of Martha, a girl he went out with once in college and corresponds with in letters, pictures, and a pebble. His illusion of her actually loving him obviously helped him cope with the pressures of leadership and the more general anxiety of war and dying at about any time. He treasured his letters from her and constantly daydreamed about her. This was a distraction...

Initiation of the KERP projects programme and the execution of the Movie Review

Initiation of the KERP projects programme and the execution of the First project by Kuwait oil company - Movie Review Example Kuwait Environmental Remediation Program (KERP) aims at dealing with the elimination of pollutants or impurities from environmental media resulting from the oil explosion. KERP seeks to ensure the realization of three key objectives. The first objective is to direct Kuwait National Focal Point (KNFP) in the accomplishment of the KERP. The second objective is to undertake remediation of damaged terrestrial resources by means such as fencing and patrolling of five designated areas. The third objective is to remedy areas damaged by oil leaks, oil contaminated piles, oil trenches, and oil spills. Military contributed to Kuwait’s environmental damages through a series of activities. The movement of vehicles and heavy weaponry damaged the delicate desert environment by affecting the plant cover that in turn affected the sensitive ecosystem. The physical esthetic value of the environment in turn was destroyed, and aridity started engulfing the lands of Kuwait. In 1994, Kuwait government submitted environmental claims that aimed at monitoring and realizing remediation mechanisms to restore and improve Kuwait’s ecological status. After studies on the same subject matter, in the period 2001 to 2007, Public Authorities for the Assessment of Compensation proposed remediation technologies to enable rehabilitation of the damaged environment. The steps are aimed at bringing recovery and restoration to the deteriorated environmental status in Kuwait. On August 2, 1990, the State of Kuwait sustained extensive environmental damages because of the Iraqi aggression against Kuwait and the 1991 Gulf War. The United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC) recognized the provision of reparations to affected countries, companies and individuals. In December 2005, the UNCC completed the appraisal of all claims for environmental damages in visualization of remediating environmental damages. The UNCC issued Decision 258

Make a summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Make a summary - Essay Example She narrates how even after a long time writing she would feel empty even after doing research (1). She used would struggle writing, cancel even what seemed sensible at first until when she would decide to write anything after which she would come up with a good write-up. Peter Elbow asserts that the most effective way to improve one’s writing is by doing ‘free writing’ which he explains as the art of writing anything that comes into one’s mind for given period of time a day at least thrice a week nonstop. Though seemingly crazy he says, free writing allows one avoid the extensive editing that writing allows. He challenges readers to consider the many times they have made great speeches even when they had started the speech so poorly. He asserts that this is the principle to powerful writing. He further says that seeking to have a perfectly knitted write up right at the beginning of writing is preparing to kill any possibility of becoming a writer leave alone a great one as it would make one give up on writing The idea brought about by both Elbow and Lamott are a bit new to many of us including me as we have gone through an education system that discourages it as learners are coerced into accepting the existing content without questioning. My experience of trying to use the method in writing school assignments never bore considerable positive fruits. Both Lamott and Elbow agree that the secret to becoming a great writer is simply writing what comes to one’s mind without considerations of whether it is what one wants the readers to see and then editing later. However Lamott unlike Elbow seems to encourage writers to not just write anything about anything but rather to make a coherent line of thoughts. On the other hand, Elbow allows one to write anything including repeating the same word so long as one does not stop writing within the time set for writing. I absolutely agree with the

Music Therapy in obstertic patient Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Music Therapy in obstertic patient - Essay Example ncluded in the review they must have investigated the effect of music, involved adult hospital patients and used a randomized controlled trial design. These studies must also have used outcome measures such as anxiety, satisfaction, pain, mood and vital signs. Identified studies were critically appraised, and then categorized according to whether music was evaluated during normal care delivery or during invasive and unpleasant procedures. When appropriate, studies were combined in a meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 29 studies were identified that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which 10 were subsequently excluded following critical appraisal. Music played via headphones reduces anxiety of patients during normal care deliver, but it has no impact on the anxiety of patients undergoing procedures such as bronchoscopy, sigmoidoscopy or surgery with a spinal anaesthetic. Music produces a small reduction in respiratory rate during normal care delivery, but appears to have little eff ect on other vital sign parameters. It has no impact on the vital signs of patients undergoing procedures. Although the evidence is limited, music also appears improve the mood and tolerance of patients. CONCLUSION: This review demonstrates the effectiveness of music for the reduction of anxiety during normal care deliver. Given the inexpensive nature of this intervention, and the lack of adverse events, it is recommended as an adjunct to normal care practices. This review also highlights the need for further research into many aspect of this intervention. The control of labor pain and prevention of suffering are major concerns of clinicians and their clients. Nonpharmacologic approaches toward these goals are consistent with midwifery management and the choices of many women. We undertook a literature search of scientific articles cataloged in CINAHL, PUBMED, the Cochrane Library, and AMED databases relating to the effectiveness of 13 non-pharmacologic methods used to relieve pain and

The relevance of various management theory schools of thought

The relevance of various management theory schools of thought This essay will identify the predominant and diverse schools of thought encapsulated within management theory and their relevance or lack thereof, or appropriateness of application within todays organisations. Four separate methodologies shall be addressed, the classical school, the school of human relations, and both systems and contingency theory. The Classical theory of management was born of the scientific age (Wren, 1995, p5). Taking account of this theory in the present age, a classical approach can offer structured management with purpose, drive and clear, understandable hierarchy (Cole, 2004, p4). Scientific management, with exponents such as Owen, Babbage and later Taylor and Gantt (Pindur et al, 1995, pp61-62) were concerned with observation and experience to seek greater efficiency for expanding industry; viewing workers as cogs in a machine and as another resource to be organised (Morgan, 1997, p38). General administrative managements focus was on the running of the whole organisation (Pindur et al, 1995, p62). Fayol looked in more detail at the role of manager and purported five functions: planning, organising, commanding, coordinating and controlling (Fells, 2000, p346). Bureaucracy, with the main advocate Weber, took a theoretical view seeking to understand power and authority (Mullins, 1996, p46; Pugh and Hickson, 2007, p5). Weber sought clear hierarchy advocating recruitment and promotion due to merit. [With] standardization across the organisation; no matter who was in post (HÃ ¶pfl, 2006, pp10-11). Although still relevant today as a tool to offer clear direction, (Lamond, 2005, p1279) classical theory has been heavily criticized for being too prescriptive, limiting individual thought, creativity and flexibility of the organisation (Morgan, 1997, pp30-33; Mullins, 1996, pp41-46). It was thought not to look beyond the individual organisation to its wider context. (Mullins, 1996, p52). Contrastingly, the human relations (HR) theory of management sometimes referred to as human behaviour school, leadership or behavioural sciences approach, considers and prioritises people as part of the management role. The exponents of this school lean heavily towards psychology and social studies believing people should understand people (Koontz, 1961, p178). In the 1920s an awareness of the impact of social factors within the workplace grew and behaviour and performance of employees became a focus for study (Mullins, 1996). Mary Parker Follett wrote about individual and group behaviour within organisations (Wolfgang et al, 1995). She contentiously believed that authority was rooted in a position and not with a person, causing much dispute and debate (Clegg et al, 2005; Mandeville, 1960). Arguably HR theory originated with the Hawthorne Studies conducted from 1920s and 1930s (Grey, 2005). Ironically the origins of the studies can be linked to the scientific approach however they became inextricably linked with Elton Mayo and showed productivity increased often when not expected. Mayo identified ,when people felt valued production could rise (Clegg et al, 2005). Whilst methods used and accuracy of data is disputed the results opened minds and encouraged debate on topics such as leadership, motivation and informal groups within organisations and so the neo-human relations approach developed with Maslow and his understanding of peoples needs entering the arena of theories (Mullins, 1996). The HR approach can help provide solutions to problems such as absenteeism, staff turnover and production quality brought about by strict scientific approaches. However some may view the approach as an unwelcome intrusion; leaving no demarcation between private and work life (Grey, 2005). People are the key ingredient to the HR theory but we should not set aside that, structure and rules are undoubtedly required in the mix. Accepting that Systems theory attempts to reconcile the classical and human relations approaches, this may then potentially provide the ideal management theory. But does such an ideal really exist? Exploring further, Systems theory focuses on the elements of organization, in terms of their interaction with external environment. Attention is focused on the total work organisation and the interrelationships of structure and behaviour, and the range of variables within the organisation (Mullins, 2000). The belief is that all employees work harmoniously through sharing common goals. The Systems approach to management began in 19th century, and Ludwig von Bertalanffy made great contributions in developing it. There are two basic types of systems; closed and open; and one of the key concepts of von Bertalanffys theory mentioned that open systems responded to their environments through exchanged information, energy or material (Kast and Rosenweig, 1972). The open systems model contains human relations as well as organisation development (Pindur et al, 1995). Closed systems [on the other hand] are self-contained and do not interact with their environment (Cole, 2004). Some classical theories, like Taylors scientific management, Webers bureaucratic theory and Gulicks administrative management can be classified to the closed system model (Pindur et al, 1995). Limitations within the Systems theory did exist though, and whilst the approach fostered both technical and social variables viewing organisations as a whole; alterations to one aspect directly affected the other part. The changing nature of the work environment, the increasing demands for flexibility and concerns with the contextual factors influencing structure have drawn attention to the contingency approach to organisational design (Mullins, 2000, p564). Diversity is no longer just the right thing to do; it has become a business imperative and perhaps the single most important factor of the twenty-first century for organization performance (Wheeler, 2005, s1-s7; Daft, 2008, p420). Observed as a development of the Systems approach, the contingency theory goes a stage further in relating the environment, and other variables, to specific structures of organisation. [It] takes the view that there is no one best, universal structure (Mullins, 2000, p564), [or] universal principles that can be used for every situation, but instead [it] seeks to explain how one attribute or characteristic depends upon another (Vecchio, 2000,p338). The contingency approach can be seen as a form of if-then matrix relationship (Luthans, 1985); [it] draws attention to the situational factors; emphasis[ing] the need for flexibility (Mullins, 2000, p564). There is a multitude of possibilities and the best or preferred choice will be contingent on the situation being analysed (Hunt, 1992, p170). Criticisms or doubts about the contingency approach and its practical value to management have been voiced. According to Robey (1982, p59), modern contingency theory provides an increasing amount of empirical research; defin[ing] variables ignored in earlier work. However, the contingency approach runs the risk of concluding that it all depends on everything. Indeed, Vecchio (2000, pp.11-12) simply summarises the contingency approach in two words. It depends. Whatever the criticisms and limitations of contingency models, the application of modern contingency theory can help contribute to more effective performance(Mullins, 2002, p578) so can we deduce that whilst possibly overly flexible in its make-up, the contingency approach is however within practice, a suitably acceptable management theory? Conclusion In conclusion it would appear that it is not only management theory that is disparate; the multiplicity of variables affecting the everyday running of organisations, also provides immense organisational diversity. Management theory and practice in implementation are inextricably linked which ensures that no holistic theory of management can be developed. Many paradigms have been created within an historical context where necessity for change has been encountered. Theoretical management and its functions are therefore viewed as evolutionary. Classical theory, whilst used today appears limited in application. Human Relations theory is still useful when applied in terms of an organisations social dimension. A unitarist Systems theory whilst initially popular was overtaken by a more necessary flexible approach to management, gleaned from Contingency theory. This perspective took a pluralist view of organisations. Organisations vary in terms of groups of individuals, industry type, structure, culture and objectives, making management differ within each entity. The trajectory of management theory, as time has progressed has added to the management debate and provided structure in which there is near agreement within groupings of schools who disagree vehemently as to the thinking of their adversaries. Because of managements diversity we are of the thinking that there is no one solution that will remedy or enhance all situations. (Word Count: 1319 words)

MODERN DAY PINNOCHIO’S: THE INSIDES COOPONINTERNET PLAGIARISM :: Essays Papers

MODERN DAY PINNOCHIO’S: THE INSIDES COOPONINTERNET PLAGIARISM I am one of those people, you know the ones; they spend five weeks on a term paper writing twenty different introductions (this is number twelve), seven conclusions, and finally after going through fifteen drafts, turns in the final copy. Yup, that is me. Dedicated; That is how I would describe myself. I take pride in my work, and that is why I get so angry about fraud, plagiarism, and general laziness. These things make me irate and it doesn’t seem like it will be getting better any time soon. Unfortunately, we live in a point and click society and plagiarism is becoming easier and easier because of the Internet. Copyright fraud is becoming a very big issue, companies like Napster have been getting much publicity because artists and writers have spent many hours creating their product and they see the injustice in it being stolen. Without a doubt this is becoming an epidemic that it seems we won’t be seeing an end to anytime soon. So, what began the era of plagiarism? Many people blame the Internet for giving the public free access to that one precious commodity--information. However, it is clear that plagiarism existed long before documents were posted on the World Wide Web. Since the advent of the Internet it has became easier to falsify credit for works, however it has been happening for years. Some people claim that Aesop never really wrote those fables, and others claim that William Shakespeare’s sister, Elizabeth, was the mastermind behind his great dramatic works. From this it becomes clear that fraud is no new issue, however, the increased frequency is something to ponder. It is my belief that the amount of plagiarism has increased due to the Internet and the accessibility of such a vast amount of information. Let me show you just how easy it is to get a complete term paper on any subject off the net. While looking for information on Google (www.google.com), a popular Internet search engine, I ran across several paper mills. These sights boast of having reputable resources and fantastic papers. One such sight called The Paper Geeks sells term papers for only $9.85 per page. This sight claims to have been in business since 1994 and they also claim to have a paper on every topic imaginable.

Nike in Brazil: a Host Country View

Negative effects of Nike from Brazil’s point of view Brazil is rapidly privatizing many industries and its attitude toward a free market economy has changed significantly in the past 10 years. However, it seems the country still has a perception that often times associates capitalism with â€Å"greedy† developed countries. If the opinion of Brazil’s president is a reflection of how some of its people feel this is certainly the case. In 2008, Brazil’s president lambasted US corporations and the US government for â€Å"infecting his nation with problems that were not of its making (The New York Times, 2008). This attitude seems to have created some problems for Brazilians in terms of their view of Nike. The kind of leverage and control that such a large company can exert on football in the country is huge. This issue was thrown into the light when in 1998 the Brazilian national team lost in the World Cup finals to France. Earlier on in the year, Nike had in vested a record amount ($200 million US) for the right to sponsor the Brazilian national team in the World Cup. As a requisite for sponsorship, Nike demanded that the team play an inordinate amount of exhibition games leading up to the event. Many Brazilians, including Brazilian football legend Pele (who filed a lawsuit against Nike), still blame Nike for Brazil’s loss. They claim that the unusual number of exhibition games tired the players out. Similarly, another interesting problem is Nike’s effect on competition in Brazil. Nike’s recent acquisition of UK sporting wear company Umbro allowed it to eclipse Adidas as the biggest brand in the world of football (The Financial Times, 2007). This is particularly troubling for Brazilian retailers, who worry about the concentration of brands between two large Multi-Nationals and the effect this might have on their business. Lastly, as with many interactions between MNC’s and developing countries environmental issues have been a problem. Brazil is a massive supplier of leather used for products like Nike shoes. However, much of the cattle that the leather comes from graze on what was once Amazon rain forest. A host of Brazilian ranchers have clear-cut entire swaths of rainforest in an attempt to make room for more cattle. This goes against Brazil’s need to preserve what is arguably its most precious natural resource (The Ends Report, 2009). In future business interactions, Nike needs to be weary of using tactics that could be perceived by the Brazilian people as greedy, dominating, or imperialistic. Such tactics may erode trust within the Brazilian population and could turn out to be a bigger PR headache than they are worth. Advantages of having Nike in Brazil from Brazil’s point of view On the other hand, the fact that Nike is such a large and powerful company can have its benefits for the Brazilian people. With its enormous buying capability Nike can actually shift the way products are produced in some countries by pressuring suppliers. As was discussed earlier, Nike has been using leather procured from suppliers who have clear-cut forests in order to make room for their cattle. However, in August of last year, Nike along with help from Greenpeace enacted a set of regulations that all its suppliers must follow. The policies included a rule against clear-cutting, as well as other important environmental conventions. It seems that where there are problems between Brazil and Nike, there are also opportunities (The Ends Report, 2009). Programs like this are exactly what Nike needs. Not only do they foster trust and goodwill, they also facilitate much needed changes in Brazil. Without Nike the changes in the Brazilian leather industry might be difficult to encourage. The cattle lobby in Brazil is well funded and has many political ties making initiatives that may affect productivity hard to pass. However, it seems that environmentally conscious Brazilians have found a solution and a partner in Nike. In addition, Nike also decided to make its entire 2010 World Cup kit (a collection of football clothing) out of recycled bottles. This initiative took 13 million plastic bottles out of landfills. Furthermore, the Nike project created an association between Brazil and sustainability that will be seen all over the world (Al-Bawaba Reporters, 2010). Lastly, in recent years Nike has invested enormous amounts of money in the Brazilian football infrastructure. Nike is one of the chief supporters of the Brazilian Football Confederation and has extended its contract with this association until 2018. In addition, Nike also sponsors all three of the largest football teams in the country (Sports Marketing Quarterly, 2006). This reflects a direct commitment to improving and fostering football in the Brazil. The support of such a large sporting powerhouse seems to have had some positive effects on Brazil in terms of their attractiveness as a host for future events. In the past year, Brazil secured the 2014 world cup. This event is extremely lucrative for local vendors (among other parties) and will allow Brazil to display its incredible culture on a worldwide scale. Bibliography

Economic Causes of the Civil War essays

Economic Causes of the Civil War essays By 1860, the North and the South had developed into two different regions; the North was an industrial society while the South was an agrarian society dependent on King Cotton and slave labor. The Northern industrial economy was comprised of a mutual relationship of wheat and the expansion of railroads the marriage of iron and rye. German, Irish, and British immigrants created not only a diverse community, but help build Northern railroads and settled in the West. The South, in contrast to the North, resisted industrialization and manufactured little, requiring the importation of all manufactured goods. James Hammond stated it best, touting the power of the slave-based economic system: You dare not make war on cotton...Cotton is king. Thanks to Eli Whitneys invention, the cotton gin provided a more efficient way to handle cotton and gain a sizeable profit. To accompany the profit, more slaves were needed to work the machines and land. Planting, cultivating, and harvesting was huge un dertaking, large workforces were required. Slave labor was the best and most profitable for slaveholders because slave labor was more productive than free labor. Highly profitable cotton accounted for 57% if all U.S. exports. The backbone of the Southern plantation system was slave labor and without slavery, the economy would have suffered because the South had nothing to fall back on. With the Panic of 1857, King Cotton proved to be superior. While the Northern economy suffered badly due to false projections in railroads and faulty banking practices, the Southern economy remained stable. The demand for cotton soared during the Panic of 1857, proving the superiority. Though superior, an end to slavery would translate into an end to the Southern economy. Before the Civil War, federal governments chief source of revenue was the tariff. The North favored a loose interpretation of the United States Constit...

3 Examples of Interpolated Coordination

3 Examples of Interpolated Coordination 3 Examples of Interpolated Coordination 3 Examples of Interpolated Coordination By Mark Nichol When a phrase provides comparative or correlative information to supplement information appearing in the main clause of a sentence, it must be integrated into the sentence without disrupting the syntax. In each of the following sentences, this integration is flawed. Discussions following the examples explain the problem, and revisions demonstrate the solution. 1. Understanding interrelated impacts may be as important, if not more so, than managing individual risks. When incorporating interpolated coordination into a sentence, always test the insertion to confirm that the sentence is correctly constructed by temporarily omitting the parenthesis. If the main clause is not syntactically valid, revise the sentence so that it is. Here, â€Å". . . as important . . . than . . .† reveals a flaw. The conjunction as must follow important, and than must be incorporated into the parenthesis: â€Å"Understanding interrelated impacts may be as important as, if not more so than, managing individual risks.† (Better yet, replace so with a reiteration of important.) 2. This recognition owes mostly to the waterway’s status as one of, if not the largest creeks hosting Coho salmon in the state. In this case, the parenthesis has no closing punctuation, but no matter where a second comma is inserted, the sentence does not work, because â€Å"if not† must follow, not precede, â€Å"the largest creeks,† and the notion must be reiterated within the parenthesis, as shown here: â€Å"This recognition owes mostly to the waterway’s status as one of the largest creeks, if not the largest, hosting Coho salmon in the state.† 3. Our team made a trip to discuss and educate the client on the software application and provide insights for its implementation. This sentence does not work as constructed because, without parenthetical punctuation, the reader reads â€Å"Our team made a trip to discuss . . . on the software application. . . .† To resolve the problem, treat â€Å"and educate the client on† as an interjection, as shown in this revision: â€Å"Our team made a trip to discuss, and educate the client on, the software application and provide insights for its implementation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:4 Types of Gerunds and Gerund PhrasesDo you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?Writing a Thank You Note

L course Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

L course - Essay Example They can get access to important numbers such as the ID numbers and other personal information such as the product preferences of customers. This may end up causing significant losses to the companies as well as to customers. This applies to banks too whereby hackers have had access to information in several banks causing significant losses. Another modern way to attack individual privacy is using surveillance cameras and traffic cameras. This is usually meant to be a step by the government towards ensuring people’s security but instead end up being interference to privacy since these cameras can monitor the movement of people from place to place. CCTV cameras as well are used to enhance surveillance. These have software that even recognizes faces and can even records sounds. In addition, wiretaps which are used the US government to identify a group of individuals who were suspected to be associated to terrorists. Corporation has also been viewed as spying on people, from their strategy of obtaining targeted people’s information from others. The corporations have achieved this by using club cards, rebates and raffles, which may even be sold to other parties. Use of customer lists have also led to the attack towards privacy, whereby one corporation may sell customer names and identities from their customer lists to other corporation thus the information of the customers extending to these other corporations, who thereafter start contacting these customers. Radio frequency identification devices (RFIDs) have also been seen as a way of attacking people’s privacy. They are microchips with antennas in bar codes of products, for the purpose of tracking the products’ use. They track the period that products stay in the stores, the movement to customer houses and finally their disposal. This way, the companies are seen as being spies on people who buy their products. Surrendering

The effects of the US 1965 Immigration Act Introduction and Annotated Essay

The effects of the US 1965 Immigration Act Introduction and Annotated bibliography - Essay Example To accomplish this it restricted immigration on the basis of how many existing proportions of the population there already were. The 1965 Act, however, set an annual limit to no more than twenty thousand from each country, regardless of how many peoples from that country already occupied the United States. By 1968 the annual limitation to any country from the Western Hemisphere was set to one hundred and twenty thousand immigrants, and visas were given on a first come-first serve basis. The equalization of immigration policies resulted in a shift in immigration from European-Asian immigrants, to Central-South American immigrants. Immigration also doubled from 1965-1970 and then again from 1970-1990. This flux of immigrants not only changed the ethnic makeup of the United States, but with the introduction of so many to the U.S workforce it also shifted the male earnings inequalities. This prompted congress to pass the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) and the 1990 Immigra tion Act, in an attempt to stabilize the influx and the economy.

First nations approach to natural resource management Assignment

First nations approach to natural resource management - Assignment Example A recognition and reconciliation act was the proposed outcome of these negotiations but later on such legislation was dismissed as dead by the First Nations summit in August 2009. (All Chiefs Assembly 2009) Though the act in its proposed form was not acceptable to the majority of indigenous people, all these new debates have an importance of their own as stepping stones towards evolving consensus. The whole thing failed only because of the ambivalent acts of the Province as on one side the authorities said they were implementing the New Relationship while on the other, the court cases against the indigenous communities and conflicts lingered as usual. (All Chiefs Assembly 2009). But this debate provided a platform for the aboriginals to demand that â€Å"enforcement of (the) indigenous titles and rights as called for by the United Nations’ Declaration on the rights of indigenous people† is the only viable solution. Christian paper, 2009, para.3). Thus a tilt in public discourse is evident which in turn will put weight on the arguments of the First Nations people. So the negotiations have to continue and any new legislation must be based on deep consultation. Question 2-The authors of the Christian paper see their titles and rights as â€Å"inherited from (their) ancestral origins as indigenous people (Christian paper, 2009, para 4). This includes sovereign rights to the land they have inhabited in British Columbia for centuries. This also includes rights on the natural resources of that land. The Christian paper also declares without doubt that the Province had no jurisdiction over the indigenous titles and rights of the aborigines (Christian paper, 2009, para 2). The paper clearly states that the indigenous people would accept nothing less than an endorsement of the United Nations’ Declaration on the rights of Indigenous people (Christian paper, 2009, para 3).

A Breakthrough in DNA Sequencing Essay Example for Free

A Breakthrough in DNA Sequencing Essay The human genome can give a lot of information about a person. The genes can be used to trace a person’s family tree, clone an entire human being, and, more importantly, give information regarding certain diseases he or she may have. In this connection, according to an article published in the Science Daily, researchers from the Human Genome Sequencing Center at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and NimbleGen Systems, Inc. ave developed a new technique that combines gene chip technology with the latest gene sequencing machines that enables fast and accurate sequencing of selected parts of the genome. The technique uses microarrays to enhance the volume of specific genomic sequences and subsequently, a DNA sequencing machine determines the exact genetic code of the material. Furthermore, based on the article, the breakthrough is faster, more accurate, and more efficient than the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, which was is the technique usually used in DNA sequencing. In one experiment, the new technique was able to analyze 6,400 exons, which are the parts of the genetic code that contains the instructions in making proteins. In short, researchers or scientists can actually use the new technique to select a portion of the DNA that is suspected to cause a disease, remove the unwanted portions, and increase the selected genome’s volume using microarrays by three hundred times or more, giving results that are more accurate at a faster time. Personally, I think that this is a welcome development especially in hastening and improving the treatment of certain diseases such as cancer. Moreover, being a student taking up microbiology, I believe that the new technique could be highly useful in analyzing the genes of certain bacteria that have antibiotic resistance. This breakthrough could also provide crucial information as to how these genes of certain bacteria could mutate which is essential in finding a treatment for the disease these bacteria could cause.

Identity and Independence in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: Yellow Wallpaper essays

Although "The Yellow Wall-Paper" is fiction, it can be considered almost like Gilman's autobiography since Gilman's life seemed to parallel her main character's life.   What Gilman was trying to express in this work is women's fight for identity and independence (professional work) which are stripped from them by marriage and motherhood. (p799)   In the story, a woman who just gave birth had some complications which resulted in her so called "hysteria" or nervous condition.   She's not allowed to do anything but stare at some yellow wall-paper until she ultimately   loses her mind. The narrator, who will be referred to as Gilman for simplicity's sake, is a   writer who is unable to write due to her motherhood.   "I did write for a while in spite of them; but it does   exhaust me a good deal-" (p801)   It was this motherhood that brought her illness so she couldn't write.   This shows how just being a woman is difficult to have a career.   Her husband, John, always tried to keep her in her room without anything to do but recover from her illness.   Without anything to do, especially her writing, Gilman saw this as being held back from becoming her true self. "John is a physician, and perhaps ...perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster." (p801) She had to be sneaky about writing or else John would find out.   "-having to be so sly about it, or else meet with heavy opposition." (p801)   Because of this "prison" that she was in,   Gilman started to see images in the yellow wall-paper that she stared at day-in and day-out. The images she "saw" were a woman, and then women trapped behind the yellow wall-paper.   "The woman behind shakes it!   Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind... Then in the very bright spots she keeps still, and the very shady spots she just takes hold of the bars and shakes them hard." (p809)   The image of the woman and women is how Gilman feels about her and every other woman during this time period.   By being a woman and married, she became sick and imprisoned much like her women images. The bars that the woman shook are Gilman's motherhood and marriage; her freedom would be her independence from John and her writings.   At the end of the story, John faints at the site of Gilman "creeping" around the

Rotten dot Com :: essays research papers

I have to say rotten dot com is not my type of website, but it did catch my attention. Even if you are disturbed or not attracted to something, you should give it a chance. You never know what to expect especially when you see, "Rotten dot com collects images and information from many sources to present the viewer with a truly unpleasant experience" on the main page. The content of the site is different than any other website that I have seen, but the form and layout is very common among websites. Rotten dot com actually reminds of a newspaper's layout. On the main page there are several links, some on the left side, and some going down the bottom of the page. These links can be related to the subtitles of newspapers which lead you to the inside story. Being that the website is easily viewed and understandable, rotten dot com is a very well designed website. All the links show what topics can be viewed. Then after clicking on the specific link you want, a header page is opened. For example, if you click on the link "Celebrity Morgue", you will see a page with two skeletons on it, and the title overlapping them. Below the title and skeletons is a list of people who you can view dead bodies of. Under the photos of the bodies, there are brief descriptions of how each individual person died. Another one of these links is called "famous." The famous link takes you to a page similar to the Celebrity Morgue page, where there are several sub links on the page. With these links you can view rare photographs. Some of these photos contain Richard Nixon meeting Elvis Presley, and a picture of David Duchonovy almost nude, which appeared on the cover of a European magazine. Another picture is of Nancy Reagan sitting on Mr. T's lap, as he is dressed like Santa Claus. As I previously stated, the form of this website is extremely basic. It contains a lot of links to other pages, which consist of a few odd and disturbing photos. Each page contains a few cartoon pictures, which describe and are related to that specific title of the page. A nice link to click is the "mug shots" link. You can view and take a look at famous actors', criminals', and professional athletes' mug shots. Some mug shots that I think are good are Pee Wee Herman because he got arrested for masturbating, Charles Barkley because he broke a man's nose in a bar fight, and Al Pacino as young hoodlum growing up in Brooklyn.

Gender Identity

Gender Identity Kenneth Williams Psy 340 4/1/2013 Raymond Bragg Sex may be biological and although we may be born male or female, culturally that is not only what defines our gender roles, agree or disagree, there are many cultural influences that affect today’s gender roles. We are at a point culturally were traditional definitions are often a moot point, in my home and the homes of my children traditional roles are followed, but in many homes today that is not the case, cultural influences have often taken over for traditional values what may have been the standard once is no longer.Include the roles of biological factors, nature and environmental influences, nurture on sexual differentiation and gender identity. Nature is responsible for the growth of a person from the sperm and egg level until the natural development into a normal adult. The genetic makeup of a human being is responsible for their sex, skin color, color of their eyes and hair as well as distinguishing feat ures which are inherited from their parents. Nature can only assist in the growth of a fetus into a normal well-developed adult who may have inherited some special talents.Thus it can be concluded that nature uses the genetic coding to help in physical development and does impart some positive or negative traits to an individual’s natural development. However, it is nurture which can be used to improve he positive traits and diminish the negative traits in a child. It is indeed important to recognize that nature in the form of inherited traits does exist but a person’s overall behavior is influenced a great deal by the nurture or â€Å"upbringing† and the environmental factors involved in this upbringing. Several recent studies carried out on infant and child behavior have shown that there is significant evidence to support the fact that nurture strongly influences human development especially in the early years† (Collins 2000). In traditional society most parents encourage their kids to take part in extracurricular activities like learning music, dance or sports in accordance with the child’s talents and interests. The talents have been given by nature but they can only be developed into skills through the hard work of nurture.Based on your evaluation, determine which has the greater influence on gender identity: nature or nurture. Undoubtedly, nurture plays a very big role in early human development. Nurture in some way or another aids in speeding up an individual's capacity to study and learn new things. There is the common saying that â€Å"practice makes perfect,† so an individual can improve knowledge by practicing to adapt to all the situations in these circumstances or environment (Sports or academia). The part which nurture plays in human development has been demonstrated by psychologists in experiments in which stepping practice was administered to a cohort of inference for just a few minutes many times in a d ay. It was later that these children were able to walk several days earlier than infants who had not been given stepping practice† (Zucker2000). Influence has its effect on any outcome. Discuss the current arguments about sexual identity and how evidence from biopsychology may help resolve the argument.It is obvious that nature is responsible for producing healthy and well-developed babies, but it is also nurture that plays an important role in the early stages of human development also. †Research has concluded beyond doubt that early human development is quicker and more focused due to nurture as it builds up on the talents provided by nature. Nature may be responsible for the normal development of the fetus into a normal and healthy infant, but it cannot entirely develop that fetus into an intelligent, knowledgeable or athletic adult. (Collins 2000) This is possible only through the exposure and influence that nurture gives a person. Therefore, it would be a true state ment to say that nature has some degree of influence, nurture also strongly influences early and further human development. To determine where the greater influence comes from is based on one’s own morals, beliefs and own personal influences. The argument on wheatear someone is born gay or influenced is an argument that has been going on for ages and will continue, is it nature or nurture?Are great athletes born or made, there has to be genetic influence, but, that natural ability has to be nurtured, the same argument can be made for something as meaningless as being a model, they may be born beautiful but, the care of one’s self has to be taught. Resources www. apa. org/helpcenter/sexual-orientation. aspx Lalumiere, M,. Blanchard, R,. Zucker, K,. (2000) Sexual orientation and handedness in men and women: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 126. 575-592. Collins W. A. , Maccoby, E. E. , Steinberg, L. , Hetherington, M. E. , Bornstein, M. H. (2000). The case for na ture and nurture. Am. Psychol. 55:218-232. Gender Identity Gender Identity Kenneth Williams Psy 340 4/1/2013 Raymond Bragg Sex may be biological and although we may be born male or female, culturally that is not only what defines our gender roles, agree or disagree, there are many cultural influences that affect today’s gender roles. We are at a point culturally were traditional definitions are often a moot point, in my home and the homes of my children traditional roles are followed, but in many homes today that is not the case, cultural influences have often taken over for traditional values what may have been the standard once is no longer.Include the roles of biological factors, nature and environmental influences, nurture on sexual differentiation and gender identity. Nature is responsible for the growth of a person from the sperm and egg level until the natural development into a normal adult. The genetic makeup of a human being is responsible for their sex, skin color, color of their eyes and hair as well as distinguishing feat ures which are inherited from their parents. Nature can only assist in the growth of a fetus into a normal well-developed adult who may have inherited some special talents.Thus it can be concluded that nature uses the genetic coding to help in physical development and does impart some positive or negative traits to an individual’s natural development. However, it is nurture which can be used to improve he positive traits and diminish the negative traits in a child. It is indeed important to recognize that nature in the form of inherited traits does exist but a person’s overall behavior is influenced a great deal by the nurture or â€Å"upbringing† and the environmental factors involved in this upbringing. Several recent studies carried out on infant and child behavior have shown that there is significant evidence to support the fact that nurture strongly influences human development especially in the early years† (Collins 2000). In traditional society most parents encourage their kids to take part in extracurricular activities like learning music, dance or sports in accordance with the child’s talents and interests. The talents have been given by nature but they can only be developed into skills through the hard work of nurture.Based on your evaluation, determine which has the greater influence on gender identity: nature or nurture. Undoubtedly, nurture plays a very big role in early human development. Nurture in some way or another aids in speeding up an individual's capacity to study and learn new things. There is the common saying that â€Å"practice makes perfect,† so an individual can improve knowledge by practicing to adapt to all the situations in these circumstances or environment (Sports or academia). The part which nurture plays in human development has been demonstrated by psychologists in experiments in which stepping practice was administered to a cohort of inference for just a few minutes many times in a d ay. It was later that these children were able to walk several days earlier than infants who had not been given stepping practice† (Zucker2000). Influence has its effect on any outcome. Discuss the current arguments about sexual identity and how evidence from biopsychology may help resolve the argument.It is obvious that nature is responsible for producing healthy and well-developed babies, but it is also nurture that plays an important role in the early stages of human development also. †Research has concluded beyond doubt that early human development is quicker and more focused due to nurture as it builds up on the talents provided by nature. Nature may be responsible for the normal development of the fetus into a normal and healthy infant, but it cannot entirely develop that fetus into an intelligent, knowledgeable or athletic adult. (Collins 2000) This is possible only through the exposure and influence that nurture gives a person. Therefore, it would be a true state ment to say that nature has some degree of influence, nurture also strongly influences early and further human development. To determine where the greater influence comes from is based on one’s own morals, beliefs and own personal influences. The argument on wheatear someone is born gay or influenced is an argument that has been going on for ages and will continue, is it nature or nurture?Are great athletes born or made, there has to be genetic influence, but, that natural ability has to be nurtured, the same argument can be made for something as meaningless as being a model, they may be born beautiful but, the care of one’s self has to be taught. Resources www. apa. org/helpcenter/sexual-orientation. aspx Lalumiere, M,. Blanchard, R,. Zucker, K,. (2000) Sexual orientation and handedness in men and women: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin. 126. 575-592. Collins W. A. , Maccoby, E. E. , Steinberg, L. , Hetherington, M. E. , Bornstein, M. H. (2000). The case for na ture and nurture. Am. Psychol. 55:218-232.

How to write for a global audience - Emphasis

How to write for a global audience How to write for a global audience The growth in global commerce means it is more likely than ever that your writing will have an international audience. Increasingly, we need to communicate with people who speak English as a second language, whether they are based in the UK or overseas. But your words can easily get lost in translation when writing for this readership, especially if you arent adapting your copy. To ensure all your readers fully understand your message, it is essential to make your writing as clear as possible, and bear some rules in mind. Emails between colleagues Even informal emails between co-workers need thinking about. Heres a reply to a colleague who has suggested you visit her office. Hi Mariela Thanks for the invitation. Phil and I are definitely up for it, but as its on the firms time, Ill need to get the go ahead from Tony Ill talk to him asap and get back to you. Jan At first sight this seems to be a perfectly clear email, but Mariela is a second-language speaker of English. This means we have to re-examine our writing. Language barriers Lets take a closer look at the language in the email to recognise the traps we can fall into: Clusters of meaningless words Phil and I are definitely up for it: the English language has hundreds of these clusters, eg put up with, look up to, top it up, which together have specific meanings. They are called phrasal verbs and we can often replace them with a one-word simple alternative, eg tolerate, admire, fill. Confusing words On the firms time: company or organisation are more recognisable words than firm in the context of work. Also, firm has more than one meaning, which could be confusing. And a literal translation of on the time wouldnt make sense. Colloquial expressions To get the go ahead: second-language speakers often enjoy these expressions once they know them. But we cant guarantee they know them yet. So, unless youre sure, avoid them. Abbreviations Asap: again, unless youre confident your reader knows the abbreviations, they will be meaningless. Heres a rewrite of the email: Hi Mariela Thanks for the invitation. Phil and I definitely want to come. Ill need to get Tonys permission as its during the working week. Ill talk to him as soon as I can and tell you what he says. Jan Its still informal and natural, but so much clearer to non-native English speakers.

yo essays

yo essays Upon looking back at our YED dishes, we noticed some areas of bacteria growing on the outer edges of the plate as well as a very bad permeated throughout the room. The only signs of cross contamination that we observed happened when the diploid strains out grew their respected cells and began to move onto other cells areas. However, this was no cause for alarm because we had already recorded our observations and no longer needed the plates. Discussion: The process of sexually reproduction between stains of yeast begins with haploid gametes. The gametes code for dominant and recessive traits which on passed on to the next generation. In this lab's case, the "R" genotype coded for color with a cream color being dominant and red color being recessive. The "T" genotypes coded for the ability to grow in an MVA environment with growth being dominant and not growing being recessive. The haploid gametes combine together and produced diploid offspring which includes traits from both haploid gametes. However, the dominant and recessive traits determine the color and growth of the diploid offspring. My results completely reinforce the principles of dominant and recessive traits in sexual reproduction in that my partner I observed growth and color patterns that were identical to our projected phenotypes in the hypothesis. For the color phenotype ratio we counted 4 out 12 cells with red growth or 1:3 ratio. As for the growth on MVA phenotype ratio we again counted 4 out of 12 cells that did not grow on the MVA or 1:3 ratio. My group collected such accurate date because we meticulously made sure that contamination was kept to minimum. This lab has parallels with Mendal's experiments with peas. Mendal found that when two genes of a pair are different alleles, one is fully expressed or dominant and the other has no effect on or is recessive. Mendal also found that the first generation of offspring produces the entire dominant trait. ...

Brief History of Microsoft essays

Brief History of Microsoft essays Bill Gates the founder of Microsoft, the once young and eager teenager was running a small business made-up of other teenagers. Now the richest man in the world controlling an operating system practically every IBM compatible computer in the world uses. Computers are not the only things that Microsoft desires. Now they wish to influence the Internet. With all the opportunities that it offers many companies race to develop software to get people and businesses on the Internet. Many dislike the power Microsoft has come to possess and might gain more of it, but is there anything anybody can do? IBM has taken on the leader of software with an innovative new operating system known as OS/2, but will they have a chance? Microsoft may be unstoppable with its foundation, influence and power but is that enough to practically own the computerized world as we know it? Usually, when we mention Microsoft in any form we must have the registered trademark symbol right next to the word. The name is a well-known word in virtually everyone's life. Although it is the super-empire it is today Microsoft was once a small software business ran by a young Bill Gates in a tiny office. Consisting of a few young adults, they were not progressing as much as they would like too. Their competitors had it a little worse working out of their not so tidy two-story house made up of a husband and wife. The massive change occurred when a couple of IBM representatives showed up at the door of the CP/M founders only to be turned away. This was very rare to happen, since IBM was so highly respected by programmers at the time. IBM is introduced to a young man named Bill Gates. He was mistaken for an office helper but later strikes a serious offer for Microsoft products. The one program that was unavailable at the time would be an operating system soon to be call ed QDOS; a raw form of the Disk Operating System we know today. When called upon by IBM ...

Impact of Globalization on Small Businesses in Canada Research Proposal

Impact of Globalization on Small Businesses in Canada - Research Proposal Example There has been increasing emphasis on the impact of globalization on the small businesses all over the globe. On one hand, it is perceived that globalization is beneficial for the growth and development of the overall global economy. But, on the other hand, according to some of the analysts globalization have negative implications for different organizations and economies. There have been several research studies in order to understand and explore the impact of the globalization.According to the research study conducted by Julien, Joyal, and Deshaies (1994), that small and medium enterprises (SME’s) in the small regions of Quebec started to take different defensive measures and secure their competitive position in the market in response to the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) of 1988 between United States of American and Canada. This research study also concluded that the main challenge for the Small and medium enterprises (SME’s) in the era of globalization and free trade is to come up with effective and efficient strategies in order to respond to the increasing competition from the organizations all over the world.Another important aspect of globalization is related to the changing technology and its implications on the business. In this regard, Dholakia & Kshetri (2004), conducted research for identifying the different factors which influence the internet adoption process of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). For this purpose, the researchers conducted a mail survey in order to test the research hypothesis. This research study concluded that there are several internal and external factors responsible for the adoption of the internet in Small and Medium enterprises (SME). However, most prominent external pressure in this regard if of the increasing global competitive pressure. The research study could have been able to generate more comprehensive results if it would have included the adoption

HRM - Forum discussion reply to Sharon on Can team work improve staff Essay

HRM - Forum discussion reply to Sharon on Can team work improve staff development - Essay Example t male team members who are native to Qatar may have never interacted with female colleagues of the female gender and may find it hard to accomplish their set goals due to cultural inhibitions. These have to be overcome. Learning and development is generally hampered by long held traditions and cultural practices in Qatar. International standards of business practice many times conflict with nationally acceptable business practice. In western cultures the organization is a separate entity form its owners and is treated as so. However, in Qatari culture business, friendship, and family are all part and parcel of life, which makes establishing boundaries difficult. Understanding the way the Qatari culture operates will help in the enhancement the companies corporate image while at the same time making it possible to enhance teamwork and employees co-operation and teamwork (Huszczo, 2004). Understanding the culture in Qatar helps in defining the roles in teams more clearly boosting interpersonal relationships. Team members must mutually agree upon procedures so that there is teamwork is

Malaysian Banks Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Malaysian Banks - Term Paper Example One of the most premiere cases where it is not shariah compliant that it most incur loss and gains in the house or business regardless of circumstances. A notable case was noted when an individual went to the Bank and said he cannot pay, but the bank refused to sell his house. This is completely against shariah in which the bank must split the loss. Hence, the concept of shariah finance is extremely hard because each country wants some revenue when it comes to financial securities. For the sake of assurance, most banks sugarcoat this with hidden fees and even charge a higher interest rate that are usually hidden in original clause terms. The concept of ‘service fee’ is highly demised because it is a vague term that all Malaysian banks utilized. Before understanding this issue, it is cognizant to understand the elements that surround Islamic Banking. Without a doubt, the Islamic law dictates that the asset must not be a ribawi material or in the medium exchange of gold, not silver. Additionally, a contract between two or more parties to accumulate in partnership. HSBC Malaysian bank also is one of these banks that is not shariah approved because of this issue. Another bank that is not confirm with the shariah standards is the fact Citibank Malaysia. Citibank Malaysia also offers these instruments along with the JP Morgan Malaysia Ltd. These banks financial statements dictate that these credit statements must be approved the counsel that is Shariah Compliant. Schroders Malaysia  is also under the same scrutiny as they sell bonds and other financial instruments that charge an interest rate and are not compatible with equal loss or gain since all payments for purchases are made in money. It is clear that not all banks have the understanding to conduct shariah and even do have an approval, tend to look for their own understanding of financial security. Additionally, the banks make it very clear in clause and terms that

Auditing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Auditing - Case Study Example Due to reluctance of tone of Societe Generale, the company had to face a loss of almost $7.2 billion in 2008. It is in this context that Societe Generale provided higher concentration on the front office activities and there was less consideration towards back office performances. As a consequence, there was imbalance between the control of front office and back office functions (Beasley, M. S. & Et. Al., â€Å"How a Low Risk Trading Caused a $7.2 billion Loss†). Due to this reason, Societe Generale was incompetent to develop acute inspections essential for controlling the roles and responsibilities of employees. From the case study, it can be observed that like other organizations, Societe Generale had also become quite determined about drumming up its market worth. Thus, it did not provide much attention towards the traders and its responsibilities for managing the risks, while it rendered high significance for financial organizations in order to maintain profitability (Wart zman, â€Å"Executives Are Wrong to Devalue Values†). According to Canadian Auditing Standard (CAS), ‘Tone at the Top’ outlines the principles of a business unit and administration’s obligation to aptitude and beliefs (Hartley, â€Å"Tips for Cost-Effective CAS Application†). Tone at the top is necessary for better financial control in any organization. By judging the tone at the top of Societe Generale it can be characterized that it had certain lacunas of internal control which can be categorized as the reason for huge loss faced by the company. For any organization, the top level administration must be clear regarding the rules of business because different organizations have different risk desires. In Societe Generale the management was unable to apply the rules of business throughout the internal working culture. There is need for better internal management which can scrutinize the activities of all employees so that any kind of illegal activit ies can be detected and prevented accordingly (Beasley, M. S. & Et. Al., â€Å"How a Low Risk Trading Caused a $7.2 billion Loss†). Question 3 CAS describes that maltreatments in the financial statements ascend from either fraudulent activities or accidental mistakes (OAS, â€Å"Canadian Auditing Standards†). Fraudulent activity comprises three aspects which are pressures or incentives, opportunity and rationalization. Pressure or incentive is the aspect which influences or tends to give reasons to an individual to conduct fraud. With respect to Jerome Kerviel (one of the traders of Societe Generale), as a trader, the earning of Kerviel was quite low in comparison with other top level traders. He even did not consider himself as a trader due to his low earnings. Thus, his incentive for conducting fraudulent activity was to enhance his reputation within the company and thus increase the bonus amount (Beasley, M. S. & Et. Al., â€Å"How a Low Risk Trading Caused a $7.2 billion Loss†). Hence, he was constrained for gaining more money by undertaking monetary risks. Rationalization is the other aspect in majority of fraud cases. It involves reconciling the behavior of the individual alleged for committing fraudulent activities. After disclosure of the fraudulent activity of Kerviel, his rationalization was to make sure that his superiors were aware regarding his activities. Kerviel had articulated that his superiors