Conscious Business Kofman

Question: Talk about theConscious Businessfor Kofman. Answer: Presentation and Thesis In the primary part of How to Build Value through Values, Fred Kofman structures the base for the criticalness of the cognizant creatures in any business. This section accentuates upon the attention on the book, which is incredible authority. Cognizant Business is the staying alert about the activities of a person, notwithstanding their propensities, over the association and nature. A cognizant business is represented by the individuals who know about their qualities and shortcomings and who can direct the business in a rousing and connecting with way (Matthies, 2012). This section identifies with our course as it clarifies upon what components can add to our, just as, the improvement of the association we participate in future. In addition, it likewise causes us in understanding the variables which are required for a powerful change from a unimportant representative to a chief. This part likewise clarifies how the human conduct impacts the entire air, which is the general result of this course. Kofman has characterized the different angles which influence the awareness of an individual and the way wherein these influence their conduct. He has characterized the variables which drive the cognizant in a human. He has additionally featured the components which can bring about cognizant workers, cognizant supervisors, and cognizant authority (Kofman, 2013). This has been done to show how such factors could bring about the change of an individual from being a devotee, to a viable pioneer. By featuring the refuted factors, which pull down the compelling authority, he has effectively featured the essentialness of cognizant business. Central matters Awareness is the primary key point explained by Kofman. As indicated by this, awareness was the capacity of monitoring both the inward and external universes, which not just permits the person to adjust to the earth yet in addition to advance their lives. He has stressed on both mindfulness and different mindfulness. Featuring the business similar to a key piece of the lives of the individuals, he delineated the need of doing the business in a cognizant way (Kofman, 2013). The following key point talked about in this part was the seven characteristics which separate among cognizant and oblivious workers. These seven were a blend of properties, relational abilities and enthusiastic authority. He additionally recognized the simple of seeing however the trouble in the execution of these. By giving the instances of a cognizant workers direct and the lead of oblivious representative, he featured the distinction in their efficiency and standpoint while leading the organizations. He likewise cited Mihaly Czikszentmihaly, to stress upon the equivalent. In a similar way, he examined the characteristics of a cognizant chief (Kofman, 2013). Another point talked about in this section was characteristics of a cognizant initiative. He saw that for the administration of a group in a viable way, it was important that it had extraordinary initiative. He indicated that incredible pioneers earned the regard and trust of their subordinates, because of which the objectives set by the pioneer for such subordinates are accomplished with least endeavors. Kofman additionally clarified the Conscious Culture, which depends on the convictions and desires on how the things are to be finished. The improvement of such cognizant culture helps not just in accomplishing the objectives and satisfaction of mission, yet in addition in the execution of the systems (Kofman, 2013). Creator Fred Kofman is the President and the fellow benefactor of Axialent. He is a phenomenal educator who has stirred the individuals to act with fortitude, duty and respectability. His thoughts are a one of a kind blend of philosophical profundity, alongside their down to earth relevance. He has made, yet has likewise shown various projects in authoritative adequacy, group learning, initiative, individual dominance and has given instructing to more than 15,000 members. He has an enormous customer base, including the goliaths like General Motors, Yahoo!, Shell and Microsoft. He as a Ph.D from University of California at Berkely in financial aspects and has been recognized there as an exceptional teacher (Amazon, 2017). Fred has likewise filled in as an associate teacher at Sloan School of Management of MIT of the Management Accounting and Control Systems. There, he was granted as the Teacher of the Year in 1992. He has different relationship, with other conspicuous characters as well. His work has been distributed a few times in various distributions and these incorporate Econometrica, Management Science, The Fifth Discipline Field Book, and The Journal of Organizational Dynamics. He additionally is the writer of a sound program Conscious Business and the writer of set of three Metamanagement (Google Books, 2013). Individual Evaluation The key point that intrigued me with regards to this whole part was the distinguishing proof of oblivious mentalities. There have been numerous books and articles on what should be the right demeanor or conduct or of an individual working in business climate, however only sometimes has a conversation been carried on the oblivious mentalities. Kofman has distinguished how the accusing demeanor and narrow-mindedness of an individual influences the disposition of an individual at the working environment. Being an individual who isn't as qualified as Kofman seemed to be, I don't have the power to pass judgment if the section was elegantly composed or not, yet I can bring up that the part secured the thoughts of the creator in a definitive way. In addition, as he cited various models in the content, the clarification became more clear. It is likewise worth referencing that the theme was canvassed in detail and all the viewpoints, and much more, were shrouded in this part. In any case, I found, that now and again, the content was uneven. Despite the fact that Kofman has featured the instances of cognizant and oblivious conduct yet in the business world, the mentalities and conduct are impacted by the conditions in which an individual works, and these are exceptionally mind boggling. Such unpredictable situations regularly part with the divisions among cognizant and oblivious conduct. End In general, the part was effective in building up the connection between the cognizant practices of a person to its effect over the business. Thus, Kofman was effective in achieving his motivation. He not just demonstrated proof over how the mentality of an individual effects the business, yet in addition featured the key variables which could be credited to cognizant and oblivious conduct. Because of the clear way wherein he clarified the idea, I would insubordinately prescribe this piece to different understudies. References Amazon. (2017). Cognizant Business: How to Build Value Through Value Paperback Import, 17 Jul 2014. Recovered from: https://www.amazon.in/Conscious-Business-Build-Value-Through/dp/1622032020 Google Books. (2013). Cognizant Business: How to Build Value Through Values. Recovered from: https://books.google.co.in/books/about/Conscious_Business.html?id=5e1JnwEACAAJredir_esc=y Kofman, F. (2013). Cognizant Business: How to Build Value Through Values. Louisville: Sounds True. Matthies, P. (2012). What is Conscious Business?. Recovered from: https://www.consciousbusinessinstitute.com/whatis.html

The History of Electric Vehicles Began in 1830

The History of Electric Vehicles Began in 1830 By definition, an electric vehicle, or EV, will utilize an electric engine for drive instead of a fuel controlled engine. Other than the electric vehicle, there are bicycles, bikes, vessels, planes, and prepares that have all been fueled by power. Beginnings Who concocted the absolute first EV is questionable, as a few creators have been given credit. In 1828, Hungarian nyos Jedlik created a little scope model vehicle fueled by an electric engine that he structured. Somewhere in the range of 1832 and 1839 (the specific year is questionable), Robert Anderson of Scotland designed an unrefined electric-fueled carriage. In 1835, another little scope electric vehicle was planned by Professor Stratingh of Groningen, Holland, and worked by his associate Christopher Becker. In 1835, Thomas Davenport, a metalworker from Brandon, Vermont, assembled a little scope electric vehicle. Davenport was additionally the designer of the primary American-constructed DC electric engine. Better Batteries Progressively viable and increasingly fruitful electric street vehicles were concocted by both Thomas Davenport and Scotsman Robert Davidson around 1842. The two innovators were the first to utilize the recently designed, non-battery-powered electric cells (or batteries). Frenchman Gaston Plante created a superior stockpiling battery in 1865 and his individual comrades Camille Faure further improved the capacity battery in 1881. Better-limit stockpiling batteries were required for electric vehicles to get useful. American Designs In the late 1800s, France and Great Britain were the main countries to help the across the board improvement of electric vehicles. In 1899, a Belgian-constructed electric hustling vehicle called La Jamais Contente set a world precedent for land speed of 68 mph. It was planned by Camille Jã ©natzy. It was not until 1895 that Americans started to dedicate thoughtfulness regarding electric vehicles after an electric tricycle was worked by A. L. Ryker and William Morrison constructed a six-traveler wagon, both in 1891. Numerous advancements followed, and enthusiasm for engine vehicles expanded significantly in the late 1890s and mid 1900s. Indeed, William Morrisons plan, which had space for travelers, is regularly viewed as the main genuine and useful EV. In 1897, the primary business EV application was set up: an armada of New York City taxis worked by the Electric Carriage and Wagon Company of Philadelphia. Expanded Popularity By the turn of the century, America was prosperous. Vehicles, presently accessible in steam, electric, or fuel renditions, were getting progressively well known. The years 1899 and 1900 were the high purpose of electric vehicles in America,â as they beat every single other sort of vehicles. One model was the 1902 Phaeton worked by the Woods Motor Vehicle Company of Chicago, which had a scope of 18 miles, a top speed of 14 mph and cost $2,000. Later in 1916, Woods designed a half breed vehicle that had both an interior ignition motor and an electric engine. Electric vehicles had numerous focal points over their rivals in the mid 1900s. They didn't have the vibration, smell, and clamor related with gas controlled vehicles. Switching gears on fuel vehicles was the most troublesome piece of driving. Electric vehicles didn't require gear changes. While steam-fueled vehicles additionally had no apparatus moving, they experienced long beginning up times of as long as 45 minutes on cool mornings. The steam vehicles had less range before requiring water, contrasted with an electric vehicles run on a solitary charge. The main great streets of the period were visiting the area, which implied that most drives were neighborhood, an ideal circumstance for electric vehicles since their range was restricted. The electric vehicle was the favored decision of numerous on the grounds that it didn't require manual exertion to begin, similarly as with the hand wrench on gas vehicles,â and there was no grappling with an apparatus shifter. While essential electric vehicles cost under $1,000, most early electric vehicles were luxurious, gigantic carriages intended for the privileged. They had extravagant insides made with costly materials and found the middle value of $3,000 by 1910. Electric vehicles delighted in progress into the 1920s, with creation topping in 1912. Electric Cars Almost Become Extinct For the accompanying reasons, the electric vehicle declined in ubiquity. It was a very long while before there was a recharged enthusiasm for these vehicles. By the 1920s, America had a superior arrangement of streets that associated urban communities, carrying with it the requirement for longer-go vehicles.The revelation of Texas unrefined petroleum discounted the cost of fuel so it was reasonable to the normal consumer.The development of the electric starter by Charles Ketteringâ in 1912 killed the requirement for the hand crank.The commencement of large scale manufacturing of inside burning motor vehicles by Henry Fordâ made these vehicles broadly accessible and moderate, in the $500 to $1,000 value extend. On the other hand, the cost of the less proficiently created electric vehicles kept on rising. In 1912, an electric roadster sold for $1,750, while a gas vehicle sold for $650. Electric vehicles had everything except vanished by 1935. The years following until the 1960s were dead years for electric vehicle improvement and for their utilization as close to home transportation. The Return Theâ 60sâ andâ 70sâ saw a need forâ alternative-fueledâ vehicles to diminish the issues of fumes discharges from inward ignition motors and to lessen the reliance on imported outside raw petroleum. Numerous endeavors to create reasonable electric vehicles happened after 1960. Battronic Truck Company In the mid 60s, the Boyertown Auto Body Works mutually shaped the Battronic Truck Company with Smith Delivery Vehicles, Ltd., of England and the Exide Division of the Electric Battery Company. The first Battronic electric truck was conveyed to the Potomac Edison Company in 1964. This truck was equipped for paces of 25 mph, a scope of 62 miles and a payload of 2,500 pounds. Battronic worked with General Electric from 1973 to 1983 to create 175 utility vans for use in the utility business and to show the abilities of battery-controlled vehicles. Battronic additionally created and delivered around 20 traveler transports in the mid-1970s. CitiCars and Elcar Two organizations were pioneers in electric vehicle creation during this time. Sebring-Vanguard created more than 2,000 CitiCars. These vehicles had a top speed of 44 mph, a typical voyage speed of 38 mph and a scope of 50 to 60 miles. The other organization was Elcar Corporation, which created the Elcar. The Elcar had a top speed of 45 mph, a scope of 60 miles and cost somewhere in the range of $4,000 and $4,500. US Postal Service In 1975, the United States Postal Service bought 350 electric conveyance jeeps from the American Motor Company to be utilized in a test program. These jeeps had a top speed of 50 mph and a scope of 40 miles at a speed of 40 mph. Warming and defrosting were practiced with a gas radiator and the energize time was ten hours.

Violence and Substance abuse among Native Americans - 1650 Words

Violence and Substance abuse among Native Americans (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Violence and substance abuse among Native AmericansAim of the Research proposalIn a multivariate analysis, it is important to recognize that violence and substance abuse is an interrelated field that requires proper articulation when examined (Bachman 34; Carrillo et al 23). The study will examine violence and substance abuse among Native Americans population. The study will extensively employ logistic regression to examine the social factors that may perpetrate the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. The study is also expected to determine extend at which the different forms of drug and substance abuse within the Native Americans have perpetrated violence, the expected future occurrences, and the various mitigation mechanisms on the menace. Results generated from several models are critically analyzed to determine the causes and effects of the proposed theme. Additionally the study aims to reveal the prevalence rate of viol ence between the Native American who engage in drug and substance abuse. The information achieved from the study is primarily expected to help in designing an amicable intervention on the problem of violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. Background of the studyAccording to the compiled report of the U.S. Department of criminal justice estimate, more than 30% of Native Americans abuse drugs and participate in violence related issues (Browne 200). These acts of violence that the Native Americans engage in are recorded to ranges from, riots, assault, robbery, and physical abuse. The violence and substance abuse is also recorded to be draining the country with over six billion dollars annually (Browne 234). This occurs through drug smuggling, high hospital wage bill, and non-productivity of individuals due to addiction of drugs and substance abuse. As documented by the National Crime Victimization survey (NCVS), violence across related individuals within the Native Ame ricas accounts for more than 24% of the total victimization recorded (Carrillo et al 35)Straussner et al 2003, in his study on violence and substance abuse discovered that the forms of violence that can be subjected to the society shove from the physiological intimidation to use of lethal weapons against the opponent. The National Violence against Women (NVAW) expounded the understanding of such violence within the family to enclose specific events such as stalking and rape (Young 123). As observed in the proliferating culture of drug abusers among the Native Americans it is proposed that a proper survey on its implication should be carried out (young 126). As documentary indicates that before the year, 1975, research on violence and substance abuse was only restricted to a specific number of special population. These special populations were military personnels, students, and families. As shown, the researchers tended to view violence and substance abuse as a rare occurrence and co nsidered the victims as socially out-fit individuals. The possibility of other factors such as regional differences, environmental stresses, and social-economic differences were often overlooked. Lack of intervention and analysis of these factors resulted in relatively slow pace to the attainment of equality of education, economic development, and international understanding (Carrillo 124).With continuous refined research on violence and substance abuse, better mechanisms have been discovered to differentiate the varying degree of their occurrences from mild to severe forms. Straus and Gelles 1986 developed a functioning CTS model that can be currently used as a standard measurement for incidences and tactics of violence. The CTS modification was to provide the various injuries subjected to individuals who experience violence and the various tactics of counteracting them. The results of this CTS model proved that those who use drugs and substance among the Native Americans are more violent as compared to their counterparts who do not use the above drugs (Carrillo 176). Research questionsThe original focus of this research proposal is to analyze the presence of violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. In several documented studies on the relationship between violence and substance abuse among these people clearly depicts that there is a clear relationship of violence and intoxication (Ricardo et al 200). The primary research questions to guide this proposal are; What substances are the Native American using that is mostly associated with violence?Do urinalyses conducted on the individuals who are speculated to love the act of violence indicate the relationship between violence and substance abuse?What are the most prevalence acts of violence committed by the Native Americans associated with the substance abuse? Does the prevalence rate of violence accelerate with the presence of the substance abuse among the Native Americans?What is the differen ce in the rate of violence among the individuals who use substance abuse and those who do not among the Native Americans?The study will formulate relevant innovative approaches in the above research questions by critically analyzing the Native America sampled population to determine the magnitude of the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. MethodologyThe primary aim of this study is to present relevant information from an accurate research procedure. Therefore, the mode of data collection method used in this research is subdivided into two sections that are the primary data and the secondary data collection methods. The secondary sources used include articles, explorative cases, and periodicals. This research proposal is modeled following the data collection process used in the National Crime Victimization survey (NCVS) project. The data presented on the research proposal are based anonymous observations and interviews on the Native Americans on their experience with violence and substance abuse over the past years. The respondents are chosen members of the community of the age above 18 years. The NCSV model was used to facilitate data collection and analysis due to its eminent effort on providence of criminal justice to the local Native Americans. Currently 23 areas of the study target with the potential criminal active population with high levels of substance abuse is chosen (Nebelkopf et al 56)This proposed plan grants the focus group methodology as interviewing the violence victims to compose the data collected as proposed by the NCVS sampling strategy. The focus group strategy is believed to provide a safe environment for the potential respondents to share attitude, beliefs and experience on the matters pertaining to the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans (.Nebelkopf 75) Participants and proceduresThe study examines the relationship between the violence and drug abuse among the Native Americans using both the prima ry and secondary data collection and management processes. All the study procedures are to occur in both the metropolitan and reserved communities of the Native Americans is necessary. The study should be carried out based on the equality among the Native Americans. The research uses a focus group methodology such as recorded interview among the Native Americans as a primary source of data (Nebelkopf78).As required, it is important for the researcher to provide relevant resources and prompt planning before the actual research. The resources and planning provides the researcher with an ample time to provide the necessary focus of overcoming barriers and biases thus provide relevant and meaningful results.Data Planning and Resource Collection Table 1Activity to be carried outStart Date Completion DateAccessing Necessary literature12/12/201320/12/2013Review of the literature21/12/201325/12/2013Developing the relevant research questions26/12/201330/12/2013Submitting the relevant progress report31/12/20135/1/2014Data collection6/1/201410//1/2014Analyzing of data11/1/201415/1/2014Developing of the draft project16/1/201428/1/2014Revised the collected draft29/1/201410/2/2014Final project submission11/2/201412/2/2014Prior to the actual data collection, it is important for the researcher to formulate the relevant hypothesis that will guide in the in data collection and analysis. The hypothesis provided will show the tentative view of the expected actual outcome. The various hypotheses that may be used in this study include;The proliferating Cases of violence among the Native Americans increases with the increase in the substance abuse. The most victimized individuals are women and childrenMajority of the individuals who participate in violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans are youths aged above 18 years old.The violence and substance abuse among the native Americans has been one the hindrances to their economic g rowth over the year... Violence and Substance abuse among Native Americans - 1650 Words Violence and Substance abuse among Native Americans (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course:Date:Violence and substance abuse among Native AmericansAim of the Research proposalIn a multivariate analysis, it is important to recognize that violence and substance abuse is an interrelated field that requires proper articulation when examined (Bachman 34; Carrillo et al 23). The study will examine violence and substance abuse among Native Americans population. The study will extensively employ logistic regression to examine the social factors that may perpetrate the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. The study is also expected to determine extend at which the different forms of drug and substance abuse within the Native Americans have perpetrated violence, the expected future occurrences, and the various mitigation mechanisms on the menace. Results generated from several models are critically analyzed to determine the causes and effects of the proposed theme. Additionally the study aims to reveal the prevalence rate of viol ence between the Native American who engage in drug and substance abuse. The information achieved from the study is primarily expected to help in designing an amicable intervention on the problem of violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. Background of the studyAccording to the compiled report of the U.S. Department of criminal justice estimate, more than 30% of Native Americans abuse drugs and participate in violence related issues (Browne 200). These acts of violence that the Native Americans engage in are recorded to ranges from, riots, assault, robbery, and physical abuse. The violence and substance abuse is also recorded to be draining the country with over six billion dollars annually (Browne 234). This occurs through drug smuggling, high hospital wage bill, and non-productivity of individuals due to addiction of drugs and substance abuse. As documented by the National Crime Victimization survey (NCVS), violence across related individuals within the Native Ame ricas accounts for more than 24% of the total victimization recorded (Carrillo et al 35)Straussner et al 2003, in his study on violence and substance abuse discovered that the forms of violence that can be subjected to the society shove from the physiological intimidation to use of lethal weapons against the opponent. The National Violence against Women (NVAW) expounded the understanding of such violence within the family to enclose specific events such as stalking and rape (Young 123). As observed in the proliferating culture of drug abusers among the Native Americans it is proposed that a proper survey on its implication should be carried out (young 126). As documentary indicates that before the year, 1975, research on violence and substance abuse was only restricted to a specific number of special population. These special populations were military personnels, students, and families. As shown, the researchers tended to view violence and substance abuse as a rare occurrence and co nsidered the victims as socially out-fit individuals. The possibility of other factors such as regional differences, environmental stresses, and social-economic differences were often overlooked. Lack of intervention and analysis of these factors resulted in relatively slow pace to the attainment of equality of education, economic development, and international understanding (Carrillo 124).With continuous refined research on violence and substance abuse, better mechanisms have been discovered to differentiate the varying degree of their occurrences from mild to severe forms. Straus and Gelles 1986 developed a functioning CTS model that can be currently used as a standard measurement for incidences and tactics of violence. The CTS modification was to provide the various injuries subjected to individuals who experience violence and the various tactics of counteracting them. The results of this CTS model proved that those who use drugs and substance among the Native Americans are more violent as compared to their counterparts who do not use the above drugs (Carrillo 176). Research questionsThe original focus of this research proposal is to analyze the presence of violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. In several documented studies on the relationship between violence and substance abuse among these people clearly depicts that there is a clear relationship of violence and intoxication (Ricardo et al 200). The primary research questions to guide this proposal are; What substances are the Native American using that is mostly associated with violence?Do urinalyses conducted on the individuals who are speculated to love the act of violence indicate the relationship between violence and substance abuse?What are the most prevalence acts of violence committed by the Native Americans associated with the substance abuse? Does the prevalence rate of violence accelerate with the presence of the substance abuse among the Native Americans?What is the differen ce in the rate of violence among the individuals who use substance abuse and those who do not among the Native Americans?The study will formulate relevant innovative approaches in the above research questions by critically analyzing the Native America sampled population to determine the magnitude of the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans. MethodologyThe primary aim of this study is to present relevant information from an accurate research procedure. Therefore, the mode of data collection method used in this research is subdivided into two sections that are the primary data and the secondary data collection methods. The secondary sources used include articles, explorative cases, and periodicals. This research proposal is modeled following the data collection process used in the National Crime Victimization survey (NCVS) project. The data presented on the research proposal are based anonymous observations and interviews on the Native Americans on their experience with violence and substance abuse over the past years. The respondents are chosen members of the community of the age above 18 years. The NCSV model was used to facilitate data collection and analysis due to its eminent effort on providence of criminal justice to the local Native Americans. Currently 23 areas of the study target with the potential criminal active population with high levels of substance abuse is chosen (Nebelkopf et al 56)This proposed plan grants the focus group methodology as interviewing the violence victims to compose the data collected as proposed by the NCVS sampling strategy. The focus group strategy is believed to provide a safe environment for the potential respondents to share attitude, beliefs and experience on the matters pertaining to the violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans (.Nebelkopf 75) Participants and proceduresThe study examines the relationship between the violence and drug abuse among the Native Americans using both the prima ry and secondary data collection and management processes. All the study procedures are to occur in both the metropolitan and reserved communities of the Native Americans is necessary. The study should be carried out based on the equality among the Native Americans. The research uses a focus group methodology such as recorded interview among the Native Americans as a primary source of data (Nebelkopf78).As required, it is important for the researcher to provide relevant resources and prompt planning before the actual research. The resources and planning provides the researcher with an ample time to provide the necessary focus of overcoming barriers and biases thus provide relevant and meaningful results.Data Planning and Resource Collection Table 1Activity to be carried outStart Date Completion DateAccessing Necessary literature12/12/201320/12/2013Review of the literature21/12/201325/12/2013Developing the relevant research questions26/12/201330/12/2013Submitting the relevant progress report31/12/20135/1/2014Data collection6/1/201410//1/2014Analyzing of data11/1/201415/1/2014Developing of the draft project16/1/201428/1/2014Revised the collected draft29/1/201410/2/2014Final project submission11/2/201412/2/2014Prior to the actual data collection, it is important for the researcher to formulate the relevant hypothesis that will guide in the in data collection and analysis. The hypothesis provided will show the tentative view of the expected actual outcome. The various hypotheses that may be used in this study include;The proliferating Cases of violence among the Native Americans increases with the increase in the substance abuse. The most victimized individuals are women and childrenMajority of the individuals who participate in violence and substance abuse among the Native Americans are youths aged above 18 years old.The violence and substance abuse among the native Americans has been one the hindrances to their economic g rowth over the year...

Analysis Of Orson Scott Card s The Great Pattern

What is relevant to a writer is subjective: something which kindles inspiration to develop a story, and provides assistance in aspects of novelistic discourse. Orson Scott Card posits that there are four basic factors which create a story: milieu, idea, character and event , a balance of which creates the arc of the story. The reader takes the content of the sum of these factors and finds parallels, or contraries, in their own lives and interests. The writer takes this a step further by conceptualising new worlds and constructing new narratives, taking inspiration from what is read in order to build their own plots. An exploration into what resonates with the contemporary writer is essential in determining whether the focus of aspiring writers should be imitating Fielding’s ‘writers of antiquity’, embracing the ‘great pattern’, or on more recent works. For the purpose of this analysis I will be considering works written within the last twenty years à ¢â‚¬Ëœrecent’, whilst analysing what writers gain, or lose, from fiction written longer ago. Some themes in literature are forever relevant to the human condition. George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four projects an ‘image of totalitarian societies which conceptualizes his experiences of fascism and Stalinism’ . Whilst Stalinism is confined to a precise point in history, the concept of fascism alongside oppression is timeless. The description of pre-apartheid discrimination in Alan Paton’s 1948 novel Cry, the Beloved Country actedShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Ender s Game By Orson Scott Card2040 Words   |  9 Pagesother hand, our environmental surroundings and the experiences we endure may also play a role in making us who we are. There are surely plenty of literary examples tackling this theme, but the one I plan to focus on is the novel Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card. I think that this novel illustrates that it isn’t as simple as jus t saying â€Å"Nature vs Nurture†. The development of the individual is dependent on both, with varying degrees of dependence based on the person in question. The novel is set inRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesnovel is sometimes used interchangeably with Bildungsroman, but its use is usually wider and less technical. The birth of the Bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication of Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795–96,[8] or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland s Geschichte des Agathon of 1767.[9] Although the Bildungsroman arose in Germany, it has had extensive influence first in Europe and later throughout the world. Thomas Carlyle translated Goethe’s novelRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesORGANISATIONAL ANALYSIS: Notes and essays for the workshop to be held on 15th - 16th Novemeber 2007 at The Marriot Hotel Slough Berkshire SL3 8PT Dr. Lesley Prince, C.Psychol., AFBPsS University of Birmingham November 2007  © Dr. Lesley Prince 2007. Organisational Analysis: Notes and Essays Page i Page ii Please do not attempt to eat these notes. CONTENTS Introduction to the Workshop Topics And Themes The Nature and Scope of Organisation Theory Levels of Analysis The Metaphorical

Understanding The Population Of Interest - 1242 Words

Challenges in Population Definitions The first step in any research is to accurately define the population of interest. Intellectual Disability (ID) has been called by many different terms: mental retardation, learning disability, mental handicap, and developmentally delayed. Generally, these terms are accepted as interchangeable (Schalock, Luckasson Shogren, 2007). However, over time some of the characteristics required to receive a diagnosis of ID has changed. In the recent past, the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Metal Disorders Text Revised (DSM IV TR) identified three criteria necessary to be diagnosed with ID. This included: impairments of intellectual functioning (IQ70) are not necessarily excluded from the diagnosis. By deemphasized the importance of low IQ the as a defining feature of ID the diagnosis expanded its definition to include individual assessed with borderline intelligence and above (fact sheet reference). The ID population is extremely heterogeneous. As noted above, the diagnostic criteria describes many different forms of adaptive functioning. It is recognized that expression of symptoms vary significantly within the ID population. Some individuals could have average social functioning with significant impairments related to work tasks and money management. Alternatively, an individual could be significantly impaired in social domains, but capable of managing their own personal care and job responsibilities. Some individuals might be able toShow MoreRelatedArticle Critique : Considering Interest Convergence Dilemma980 Words   |  4 PagesArticle Critique: Considering Interest-Convergence Dilemma in STEM Education As evidenced by a growing number of scholarly studies and popular commentary, the United States’ falling position as a global producer in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), is of upmost concern. 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Astrazeneca-report free essay sample

AstraZeneca is a global biopharmaceutical company that was created when the Swedish company ‘Astra’ and the British company ‘Zeneca Group’ merged in 1999 (Jerrang Goldberg, 2011). Since then, it has immersed itself into the competitive pharmaceutical market and become a very successful business that specialises in the â€Å"research, development, manufacture and marketing of prescription pharmaceuticals† (AstraZeneca, 2011). PEST Analysis Political Regulations for testing the drugs could change Growing pressure to release more cost-effective drugs Becoming increasingly harder to launch a new drug onto the market because of the regulations enforced by organizations such as the F. D. A. Economical Invested heavily abroad in emerging markets e. g. China and India Increased pressure from shareholders, leads to more mergers and acquisitions Consumers choosing not to try new products Social ( Cultural) There will always be a market for new drugs, e. g. Aging population therefore there is a shift in the drugs needed Animal rights activists could prevent the testing of a new drug to take place Technological Improved IT communications between suppliers and itself Invested heavily in software such as Lean Sigma to improve cycle time efficiency of the drugs Table 1: PEST Analysis Company Overview Porters Five Forces Image 1: Porters Five Forces In 2010, AstraZeneca’s most successful drugs were (Cooper, 2010): 1. Nexium: A drug for heartburn and stomach ulcers 2. Crestor: An anti-cholesterol drug 3. Symbicort: A drug that is used to treat asthma (respiratory drug) 4. Armidex: A breast cancer drug 5. Seroquel: An anti-psychotic treatment (SEROQUEL XR, 2011) Value Chain The value chain was developed by Michael Porter and can be a powerful tool when analysing a company’s organisation and performance. It allows key areas to be highlighted as it offers a quick but thorough overview of a company’s infrastructure allowing one to review it and determine any areas for improvement. The main point of a table such as the one below is to establish whether or not AstraZeneca PLC has any competitive advantages over its competitors. Firm Infrastructure General Management, Compliance, Global Commercial, Accounting, Finance, Human Resources and Corporate Affairs, Operations, Legal, Research and Development, Safety, PR, Quality Management, IT (Drew Fairchild, 2012) Human Resource Management Expatriate Management, effective and relevant training programmes, consistent policies for employees, recruiting and hiring new employees, motivating and rewarding employees Technological Development Increasing efficiency of employees, investment in technologies such as Lean Sigma to reduce manufacturing costs, ensuring specialised training is undertaken before implementing the various technologies, design for a new drug Procurement Restructuring, reviewing the prices of the drugs currently being sold, improving research and development costs, reviewing general and administrative costs, researching more cost effective options for buying high quality raw materials, constant monitoring of performance (Anon. , 2011) Inbound Logistics Storing and handling of raw materials Contact with suppliers Operations Manufacturing processes, research and development, human and animal testing, constant evaluation of products, clinical trials Outbound Logistics Delivery schedule that is efficient, distribution, cost-effective, transportation, fulfilling orders – predicting which products will be in demand, packaging, storage Marketing and Sales Costs, highly trained sales team, identifying target audiences and advertising accordingly, engaging the customers Service Guaranteed quality, instructions on how to fully utilise the product, extensive testing and post launch clinical studies Table 2: Value Chain for AstraZeneca PLC Business Model Key Partners Discovery: MRC Technology Columbia University University of Virginia Karolinska Institutet Merck Clinical development: Nektar (NKTR-118) Forest (Zinforo) Rigel (Fostamatinib) Launched medicines: BMS (Onglyza) Pozen (Vimovo) New Opportunities: Alcon Galderma Three-year collaboration agreement with IMS Health Key Activities Focus heavily on RD Very interested in using technology to maximise efficiency and cut costs. Channels Their customers (being mainly distributors) look towards organizations such as N. I. C. E. (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence), the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) and the FDA to approve the drugs they are interested in purchasing. New products are announced through the media along with statistics of how they compare with similar drugs on the market. Price is a main factor in obtaining customers loyalty as well as quality. Value Proposition Have personalised healthcare (PHC) where they match a patients characteristics to medicines for more effective treatment. (AstraZeneca PLC, 2010) Wide range of drugs available. Key Resources Suppliers Specialist employees, e. g. Dr. Mike Poole Invested heavily in supplier collaboration software from Ariba improved the speed of product development by reducing the time it takes to swap data with RD suppliers by 70%. (Clark, 2011) Use Lean Sigma software to maximise efficiency of manufacturing new drugs. (Johnstone, et al. , 2011) Customer Segments AstraZeneca PLC’s main target audience are healthcare professionals, such as primary care and specialist doctors. Their products are, however, marketed towards the distributors/local representatives as they are the ones that buy the products in bulk and sell them on. (Anon. , 2012) Customer Relationship Pharmaceuticals are rated highly and AstraZeneca is considered a reliable brand for quality Implemented a click-to-chat technology that allows consumers to contact a live AstraZeneca customer service representative (AstraZeneca US, 2011) They take all their complaints seriously. Cost Structure A lot of money is put towards research and development – Last year alone AstraZeneca invested almost $59 billion for only five drugs to be approved. This meant that each drug technically cost them nearly $11. 8 billion each. (Silverman, 2012) Buying start-up companies so that they can launch their drugs on to market Revenue Streams Revenue from sales New software used improves the infrastructure of the company, saving them money by being more efficient Shares Table 3: Business Model for AstraZeneca PLC Current News AstraZeneca to Sue FDA Over Anti-Psychotic Drug, Seroquel There has been a lot of hype surrounding the current law suit AstraZeneca has filed against the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concerning the drug ‘Seroquel’ as it is a problem that is affecting a lot of the large pharmaceutical companies – patents are expiring and smaller drug companies are therefore releasing generic forms of the drugs immediately. Seroquel is marketed as an anti-psychotic treatment for patients with depression, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia (SEROQUEL XR, 2011). For AstraZeneca, this is a drug that generates a lot of revenue, approximately ? 1 billion in annual sales (Cooper, 2012), and the expiration of their patent has created a sudden niche in the US market that many smaller pharmaceutical companies are looking to take advantage of. AstraZeneca has a lot invested in this drug therefore the law suit would seem personal; however, they also have a very legitimate reason for going to court. The injunction they have applied for to ban the FDA from approving the generic forms of Seroquel is based on the fact that these rival companies cannot carry all of the warnings for the drug on their labels. This is due to AstraZeneca including extra information after post launch clinical studies which is still protected by exclusivity agreements potentially until the 2nd December 2012 (Cooper, 2012). Obviously it is illegal to omit possible side effects of any drug which then makes this a very serious point as it is believed the generic forms would also have the risk of â€Å"high blood sugar† and â€Å"suicidal thoughts† (Cooper, 2012) associated with the chemical quetiapine fumarate (SEROQUEL XR, 2011). Despite this, if the FDA chooses to ignore the Citizen Petitions supplied by AstraZeneca and gives its final marketing approval for the generic forms of Seroquel, the company’s revenue for 2012 will plummet a lot more than anticipated. This is because of increased competition due to loss of exclusivity (Cooper, 2012). Share Buy-Backs AstraZeneca is planning to purchase almost ? 3 billion worth of stock by the end of this year, almost double what they bought in 2010. This is a clear indicator that the fact that their patents expiring and increased generic competition is hurting the business and this is the only option they have of keeping their investors happy. Unfortunately if AstraZeneca’s free cash flow generation is less than the amount of shares they buy-back, their gearing will increase by a huge amount as they will be forced to use the money on their balance sheet (Staton, 2012). The pharmaceutical industry is a much harder market to succeed in these days because of increased competition. There is a high demand for new, innovative products that take time to develop, approve and release and although AstraZeneca is working on new products, they do not always come to fruition. Recently they have had a major project declined by the FDA that they co-developed with Bristol-Myers Squibb: Dapagliflozin which lowers the blood glucose levels of consumers with diabetes. AstraZeneca has also attempted to protect another one of its best selling drugs, Crestor, from generic-drug companies but has been denied by the US Court of Appeals as the generic forms of the drug would only be used for â€Å"treatments not covered by the patents† (Decker, 2012). These are not an ideal situation to be in as with the market constantly changing and new drugs always being in demand it would not be hard for another pharmaceutical company to surpass AstraZeneca if they had a patent for an important drug. Acquisitions of start-up companies and their products is an option that AstraZeneca will begin to fully utilise as it saves them money on the research and development, although they are still heavily invested in their own RD, and, in turn, makes them a lot of money. Share buy-backs are clearly an indicator that AstraZeneca is reshaping the business in order to focus their efforts mainly on RD as this is an area that the company relies on to increase revenue and climb the ranks in the pharmaceutical industry. Financial/Investment Analysis Financial Ratios (Investopedia ULC, 2012) Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF): This is a percentage of money made that is returned to the shareholders as equity. Return on Capital Employed (ROCE): The ROCE is the amount of money that is being made from the company’s total capital. Liquidity Ratio: A company’s ability to meet its short-term debts. It is more desirable to have a larger value of the ratio as it then indicates that the company has a higher margin of safety and will be able to pay the debts. Current Ratio: This is a liquidity ration that determines whether or not a company can use their current assets to pay off their current liabilities. A positive number is desired as this means that a company is succeeding in meeting their short-term financial obligations. Interest Cover: How easily a company can pay interest on a debt they have already accumulated. Gearing: When a company requires outside funds then gearing occurs. Gearing is the comparison of a company’s long-term debt and its equity capital. We can then apply these definitions to the following table: 2010 2009 2008 2007 ROSF (%) 47. 29 52. 31 54. 56 54. 03 ROCE (%) 27. 90 28. 99 25. 94 24. 36 Liquidity Ratio 1. 40 1. 25 1. 09 0. 99 Current Ratio 1. 50 1. 35 1. 21 1. 12 Interest Cover 11. 62 10. 02 7. 59 8. 46 Gearing (%) 70. 01 89. 78 116. 53 150. 73 Table 4: AstraZeneca PLC Financial Ratios (FAME, 2010) As can be seen from the table, both ROCE and ROSF have dropped from 2009 to 2010. However, it is still clear that AstraZeneca PLC is turning a profit as they are keeping their shareholders happy with a good percentage of money being returned to them and the company itself is making money therefore it can be assume that management is doing well. Their liquidity ratio has increased steadily through 2007-2010 which is a great indicator that AstraZeneca is able to meet its short-term debts and is gradually acquiring a higher margin of safety because of it. Coupled with the current ratio, this has also increased across the presented timeframe further illustrating that AstraZeneca is successful enough to meet its short-term financial obligations. The interest cover has increased from 2009 to 2010, showing that the company is earning more money making it easier for them to interest charges on their debt. However, the interest cover for 2007-8 suggests that AstraZeneca experienced some financial difficulties which could return in the future, despite its interest cover being as high as it now. This could be prevented by ensuring employees are happy with their work environments so they do not strike and continuously developing new products or modifying products. Although gearing has decreased significantly across the four years, it is still very high indicating that AstraZeneca will have the long-term debt it has accumulated for quite a while as the company is not generating enough revenue to pay it back quickly. This could be because they are choosing to spend their money on research and development rather than paying off their debt. Instead of relying on product revenue, AstraZeneca could look into consulting emerging companies and selling their expertise while building a relationship with them that they could use in the future. This generates more money for the company and offers a potential business partner. Overall AstraZeneca would not be a bad company to invest in as its debt it slowly decreasing and it has a history of gaining a profit at the end of the year therefore shareholders would not lose money. Industry Forces and the Market When analysing how well AstraZeneca PLC is doing, we must always consider their competitors. Competition is what motivates a company to perform to the best of their ability and deliver products of a high quality at a cost effective price, it is what drives them to discover and develop new drugs and meet all of their customers’ needs. As can be seen from the list below, AstraZeneca is ranked sixth in the pharmaceutical industry at the moment, however, with companies merging and patents expiring (Roth, 2011), AstraZeneca could attempt to climb the ranks with new, innovative ideas that fill a niche in the current market. List of the Top 10 Pharmaceutical Companies in 2011 (Roth, 2011) 1. Pfizer 2. Novartis AG 3. Merck Co. 4. Sanofi-Aventis SA 5. GlaxoSmithKline 6. AstraZeneca 7. Johnson Johnson 8. Eli Lilly Co. 9. Abbott Laboratories 10. Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical companies are ranked in terms of revenue; whichever company generates the most revenue at the end of the financial quarter is considered the most successful within the pharmaceutical industry. With this in mind it is then interesting to consider the share prices for these companies and how the analysts would advise us to invest. Company Name Share Price ($) Change/% Change P/E Ratio EPS Novartis AG (NVS) 54. 79 +0. 48/+0. 88% 14. 37 3. 78 GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) 45. 18 +0. 17/+0. 38% 27. 55 1. 634 AstraZeneca (AZN) 45. 11 +0. 37/0. 83% 6. 13 7. 30 Sanofi-Aventis SA (SNY) 38. 90 +0. 07/+0. 18% 13. 74 2. 8265 Merck Co (MRK) 38. 03 -0. 03/-0. 08% 18. 84 2. 02 Pfizer (PFE) 21. 94 +0. 03/+0. 14% 17. 22 1. 272 Table 5: Leading Pharmaceutical Companies Investment Analysis (InvestorGuide, 2012) As can be seen from the table, although AstraZeneca is ranked sixth in the world, its share price is greater than the leading pharmaceutical company, Pfizer. This is a good sign as it shows that their reorganisation within the company has started to come to fruition and more people will be interested in buying shares. This is one of the main goals because, as can be seen by then they will have more money at their disposable to put towards further research and development. It can also be seen that their share price is increasing as the change is positive showing that AstraZeneca is gradually climbing up the market and becoming more and more valuable. When looking to invest in a company it is always better to get a second opinion and consult the analyst charts. The chart below was taken from ‘InvestorGuide’ and shows the personal belief of 7 different analysts and their recommendations history. Current 1 Month Ago 2 Months Ago 3 Months Ago Strong Buy 2 1 1 1 Moderate Buy 0 0 0 0 Hold 4 5 6 6 Moderate Sell 1 1 0 0 Strong Sell 0 0 0 0 Mean Recommendation 2. 57 2. 86 2. 71 2. 71 Table 6: Recommendations for AstraZeneca Shares (InvestorGuide, 2012) As can be seen, 2 analysts recommend now is the best time to invest in AstraZeneca shares. Despite it appearing to be the best time to buy shares in 3 months, when compared with the 4 analysts who would prefer one ‘held’ their money and the other who thinks the best one could do with their share is sell it with hardly any profit, it definitely does not seem like it would be worth the risk anymore. However, another way of looking at it is that the share is currently at a relatively low price; therefore one could potentially save money by investing now. With this frame of mind, we must consider AstraZeneca’s share price history. Graph 1: Share Price Performance, Based on the Figures from (AstraZeneca PLC, 2007-2012) The website used for the investment analysis of AstraZeneca and its competitors is based on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) therefore the graph also reflects the American market so that it is more comparable. It is clear that, in general, from 2007 to 2012 AstraZeneca PLC’s share price has kept within a small range (approximately $55-45) despite there clearly being drops in the market, especially during 2009. Therefore, with the share price currently being at the lower end of this range it would be considered a good thing to invest now, however, one will probably not get any returns on it immediately as, from what can be seen in the graph above, AstraZeneca’s share price is more likely to get worse before it gets better again. This trend is unfortunate but at least it can be assumed that in the end, one would not lose that much money before they started making money. Technology Importance of Technology For AstraZeneca’s Chief Information’s Officer, Rich Williams, technology is the future (NGP, 2009). In 2009, he completely transformed AstraZeneca’s business infrastructure and made it the efficient and cost effective business it is today. By employing one type of technology and implementing it throughout the company he was able to reduce information systems (IS) costs by 30% and allow more time and money to be focused on research and development. Lean Sigma: Useful? Lean sigma is a type of software that is used to improve the performance of a company relative to its competitors using business improvement tools (Romeo, n. d. ). It is considered to be quite controversial as some specialists argue that it stifles creativity within a business due to the rigorous process improvement the technology commands, whereas others rightly point out that the software clearly helps companies save money by reducing manufacturing times (Johnstone, et al. , 2011). To understand both arguments, we must consider them separately. Lean sigma is considered a bad thing because it is perceived that the software could potentially inhibit an environment in which innovative ideas are able to flourish as it is not able to think outside the box. However, in practice it has been proven that despite the nature of the idea, the programme has been able to increase efficiency and effectiveness of the drug making cycle (Johnstone, et al. , 2011). The graph below summarises the stage of innovation (Johnstone, et al. , 2011) that are completed before every new drug is released: Image 2: The Stages of Innovation, Based on (Johnstone, et al. , 2011) It is important to note the â€Å"Learning and Feedback† arrows that are incorporated into earlier phases of the diagram in order to produce the best quality product. This method is used to enhance the â€Å"probability of success† and gain, at the end, the best possible solution to launch the new drug on to society. Software such as lean sigma, is perfect for such a thing as it â€Å"improves the speed, quality and cost of manufacturing and service industries†, and overall reduces cycle time by 50% (Johnstone, et al. , 2011). Therefore, to conclude, lean sigma is helping AstraZeneca improve their process excellence by saving them money on their manufacturing process which is in turn having a positive impact on their research and development. Lean sigma is a great programme to use to take ones business to the next level and it is a technology that AstraZeneca has done well to invest in (Johnstone, et al. , 2011). The Future AstraZeneca’s plans for the future are mainly hinged on an international reorganisation of the company, intended to make sure their focus is directed towards research and development. It has always been a main focus for the second largest drug-maker as RD is what most of its money gets spent towards, which can be seen in the ‘Business Model’. The pharmaceutical company has stated that it will begin to reduce the number of disease areas it focuses on so that it can in turn produce a more specialised, better drug. Not only will it reduce the scope of its research, AstraZeneca will also be focusing a lot of energies towards gaining external collaboration. This will reduce costs for possible failures of RD as they will be able to collaborate with an emerging market that already has the basis of a great patent. It will also continue to use business improvement programmes such as lean sigma to ensure the company performs to the best of its ability and has a more flexible approach to the projects it decides to take on (Anon. , 2011). Overall, AstraZeneca is adjusting to their current situation well and has made the right decisions regarding how to bring their company forward. With changes like these, they will be able to focus more on what they specialise in, RD, and deliver a quality product to their consumers. Conclusion SWOT Analysis Strengths AstraZeneca is an innovative company that is ranked sixth in the world of all the pharmaceutical companies Total turnover from 2007-10 has generally increased showing it is a successful company (FAME, 2010) It has vested interest in all areas of drug therapy and are consistently releasing relevant drugs for the market Weaknesses As patents are expiring they are not releasing suitable replacements therefore generic forms of the drugs are dominating the market They are not releasing enough new drugs, despite the ones they do release being very relevant Opportunities Has made many partnerships with other companies Buying back shareholders for a quick turn around Restructuring the business to focus on their RD Threats Generic forms of their drugs are becoming a serious threat to their revenue Generic forms can be offered to people who are not private practice

Statement of purpose for undergrad in business studies free essay sample

â€Å"Take up one idea. Make that idea your life- think of it, dream of it, live on that idea. Let the brain, muscles, nerves, every part of your body be full of that idea, and just leave every other idea alone. This is the way to success†. I read this quote by Swami Vivekananda in 2011 when I was deciding my career choice in 2011 when I was in Grade 11. Initially I was inclined towards science as that’s the preferred career option for most in India. However a deeper analysis, introspection and influence of my parents made me realize my strengths and interests make me more suited for Economics and Business Studies. My family has been a major influence – my father and maternal uncle are both engineers with an MBA from top business schools and have made a great career for themselves. My father is into international business development and marketing and has made a successful career. We will write a custom essay sample on Statement of purpose for undergrad in business studies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After deciding on Commerce and Business Studies, I scored 91. 2 % (top 10 % in the CBSE across in grade 12 and made it to the top 10 % of candidates who took the board exam nationwide. After 12th grade, I took an entrance exam and qualified for the interview and group discussion round by securing a national rank of 143. I made it to the top 80 students to get admission to the coveted College of business studies, Delhi University (voted as Asias best undergraduate management college by the Commonwealth of Nations). Good academic performance in my school and college, active participation in academic as well as extra-curricular activities in several marketing activity groups and several part time and full time internships during college have helped me to develop analytical, communication and social interaction skills. I now feel strongly that I would like to pursue this career further. During the one and a half years of my undergraduate studies, I interacted with students from different cultural and social backgrounds. The college has a strong culture of developing practical skills and nurturing entrepreneurship. Most students got campus placements and more than 60 % students chose management consulting and marketing as career options. I used to visit NGO’s and teach students on weekends but I wanted to do something bigger. I got through Kartavya ( The social service club of my college) and here, I organized blood donation camps and collection drives in college, visited slums , organized movie screenings and talent shows for the unprivileged children living in orphanages and the happiness I got by seeing them happy is inexpressible. I was a part of MIC (The Management Interaction Cell) wherein my team co-hosted an event with FICCI ( Federation of Indian chambers of commerce and Industry ). I was given the role of Director, Human resources at DUMUN (Delhi University Model United Nations) where my key roles involved raising funds for our national level event, managing and ensuring co-ordination in the team and representing my team to the college authorities. While organizing and hosting these events, I led teams and was appreciated for my leadership skills and dedication towards my clubs. I started enjoying the whole process of recruiting new members, leading them, pitching to prospective sponsors to raise funds and managing the working of the team . This was the time I realized that I enjoy leading people and it is something I can do well. Academically, I balanced my studies well with my co-curriculars and always scored 80% and above in my semesters. I enjoyed every bit of my course and thoroughly researched on all my projects. Business Research, Organizational Behavior and Marketing management have been my favorite subjects in college. The project I enjoyed the most was a live project in Public Relations for which I studied the Cadbury worm crisis and took interviews of employees there to gain first hand knowledge over their crisis. CBS has made me confident about my choice of stream and made me realize my ambitions in life. To quench my thirst for practical management knowledge, I went on to join Vodafone as an HR intern where my assignment was to check employee satisfaction by conducting surveys, suggest better schemes and analyze the areas where improvement was required. Later, I also joined Brand Hawkers as a Marketing trainee. My job assignment involved creating a prospect list of advertising partners for our ‘SmartBooks’ product, qualifying and pitching to them and facilitating their engagement with Brand Hawkers. During this assignment I realized that marketing was the forte I wanted to excel in since this is what I enjoyed the most. It didn’t seem like work to me but it was simply fun. I am confident of my abilities to carve a niche for myself in this field of Business Management. I am ready to take the desired steps to achieve my ultimate goal.

confucianism influence essays

confucianism influence essays Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. It has spread from China to Korea, from Korea to Japan where it was first brought to around the fifth century. Confucius had a great impact on the Chinese civilization. His teachings relating to ethics, honor, social responsibility, familial obligations, ancestor worship, and observation of rites and historical precedence provide the glue that gives the Chinese civilization continuity and durability. Although Confucianism was introduced in Korea before Buddhism, Korean people have their own way to follow and change its ideology of Confucianism. Management of accepting the ideology made unique Korean culture. Although Confucianism is often described as a religion, it is not in the formal sense. Confucius did not write about the gods except to indicate that he accepted the religious beliefs of his day. Neither he nor his followers challenged the existing beliefs in a pantheon of gods and the spirit world, which included the spirits of one's prominent ancestors. The cult of worshipping one's ancestors pre-dates Confucianism. This custom had been formalized under the Zhou dynasty. Princely families had the right to worship their ancestors from the founder of their family line to the present. Secondary families in theory were only supposed to be allowed to worship their last 4 generations of ancestors. The head of the family acted as the high priest of the cult and had the responsibility to see that the ancestors were properly worshipped. Powerful ancestors, like any other spirit, had to be placated because they could still have an impact on the natural world. This practice of worshipping one's ancestors partly explains the strength of the family in Chinese culture. From the earliest stages, Chinese civilization seemed to center around t...

Brand management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Brand management - Essay Example In this paper, the writer will characterise Evisu’s efforts at revitalising and reinforcing its brand equity, and provide suggestions as to how the company can rejuvenate its brand equity. Evisu’s history goes back to the 1980s. During the 80s, vintage denim aficionados fanatically pursued methods to make similar replicas of vintage jeans. In 1988, Yamane succeeded in finding and acquiring a classic American shuttle loom that could weave 40 metres daily and make exact copies of vintage denim. The subsequent small output of just 12 pairs of jeans per week heralded the beginning of the Replica Movement. Evisu’s logo and brand identity are linked with the denim revolution. Evisu enjoyed its most successful period in the 1990s to early 2000s. It was hugely popular with celebrities and young people who identified with its unique designs and innovative marketing. It is regularly lauded as the pioneer of high-end, $600 jeans, and the leader of the â€Å"old school† denim movement (Choi, 2014:43). In the mid 2000s, the company faced many challenges associated with financial, creative and competitive aspects, the core components of the fashion industry. Th e tax evasion case it faced in 2006 hurt its PR and finances. In 2006, Evisu’s founder – Hidehiko Yamane – and the company were reported to Japanese authorities on suspicion of tax evasion. Yamane was accused of colluding with two other firms to conceal income totalling over 500 million yen and evading, over three years, income taxes totalling around 160 million yen. This incident severely dented the company’s image, which it had built for decades and sold to millions of people across the world. However, and prior to this case, the company had also been posting unsatisfactory results in terms of brand popularity and financial performances (Rossolatos, 2014:34). An unexpected lull in quality and industry had allowed aggressive brands like Tommy Hilfiger, Calvin Klein, Armani to eat into

Economy of Pakistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economy of Pakistan - Essay Example Country also faces the problems of illiteracy, and charges of Fiscal ineptitude. But despite such decelerating factors, Pakistan is on the path of growth with the new government of President Musharraf continuing with a reformist economic agenda, assisted by support from multilateral institutions. Pakistan's economic performance appears to be improving gradually. A thaw in the relations with India is also helping the country in economic progress. In the 2007 country profile Country-Watch points out that Pakistan is a developing nation with agriculture accounting for about 25 percent of its GDP, employing about 45 percent of the people (101). In recent years agriculture is declining as a percentage of total output with other economic activities picking up as well, but still agriculture sector remains the primary economic activity in Pakistan. A high annual population growth rate of two percent not matched with equal rise in opportunities and resources for the country, is also proving t o be a big drain on its economy. Growth of economy and business prospects in a country depend mainly on., macroeconomic factors, political stability, economic liberalization, human resource development index and levels of corruption in the country. A stable business environment requires normalization of the fiscal position, with an increased tax base and a more transparent allocation of resources. A stable government helps in infusing confidence amongst investors. Recognizing the need for liberalization, Government of Pakistan is moving to increase the pace of privatization of state entities, and is removing a number of qualitative and quantitative import restrictions. Financial sector is also seeing a reduction in state involvement with the onset of more and more private banks (EIU, 31). Thanks to such efforts, after several years of declining economic growth, owing to political upheavals, Pakistan has registered good growth rate since 2002. GDP grew 5.5 percent in 2003, 7.1 percent in 2004, and 7 percent in 2005. Such sustained growth also resulted in developing the human resource index as well. Development in human resources is also critical factor in judging a country for investment purposes. Pakistan, a country with less than 50% literacy is still in the process of attaining the ratings that its neighbor India has already acquired. In fact lack of such development has prevented Pakistan from joining India in the lucrative software develop ment, BPO and ITES sector (Country-Watch, 101). The human resources index suffers on account of high unemployment rate. A big percentage of Pakistan, especially women is unemployed because. EIU Statistics (40) point out that in 2000, the unemployment rate for young women was about twice that of the rate for young men. In 2005 the overall unemployment rate was 7.7 percent. The labor force grew at an annual average rate of 4.5% during the 1990s, but growth slowed to less than 3% in 2000-05. At end-December 2005 the labor force stood at 47.7m and the number of employed at 44m, leaving 3.7m (7.7% of the labor force) as unemployed. In addition there's substantial underemployment i.e. there are sectors like Agriculture which employ more people than are actually required. The agriculture sector has been the least tax paying one in this part of the subcontinent, due to couple of reasons ranging from lack of

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies Research Paper - 1

Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies - Research Paper Example Transcontinental Oil Company was the owner of the Marathon brand. Ohio Oil Company transformed into Marathon Oil Company in 1960s, making it grow through purchasing or merging with other companies. Besides, the company has enjoyed good fortunes through drilling oil in regions outside the USA. Such regions include Mexico, Canada, Alaska and Ireland (United States Congress, 1981) United States Steel bought Marathon Oil in 1982 and moved its headquarters from Ohio to Texas. In 1998, Marathon Oil merged with Ashland Inc. and formed Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC. This enabled Marathon Oil to expand its base in the USA. In 2001, USX sold the steel firm in Marathon Ashland Petroleum LLC and concentrated on oil business. The company was then named Marathon Oil Corporation (Donnell, 2007). The company has opened up drilling facilities in Louisiana, Illinois, Canton, Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, Texas City, Catlettsburg, Texas, Minnesota, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea because of merging. The com pany also experiences good returns on its investment. For example, the latest financial statement for the company stated returns on investors appreciated by 9.8%, earning yields of 8%, revenue increase of 16 billion and profit margins of 9 billion. The company made a profit of 4 billion more compared to the previous year. Though the company had an increase of daily expenses from 166 million daily to 174 million, it experienced a daily income of 384 million. The main reason why the company has sustained good profits is its ability to conquer new markets and merge with other companies (Donnell, 2007). Question 2 CarMax, Inc was established in 1996. The company deals in second-hand cars through its subsidiaries. Last year the company sold over half a million cars. The company also sales some of its cars through auction; last year, the company sold thirty thousand cars at its on-site auction centers. At times, the company is allowed to sell new cars at four locations together with manuf acturing companies. Last year, two percent of its cars sold were new cars. Apart from this, the company offers other products and services. They include purchasing of cars directly from consumers, guaranteed asset protection, accessories, and vehicle repair. The company acquires cars from consumers through car-buying centers and in-store appraisal process and sales them to other buyers or leases them out to hires or individuals who want to use them in racing or wedding parties (CarMax, 2013). It would be profitable if CarMax merged with Suzuki Motor Corporation. This is because Suzuki Motor Corporation operates worldwide. This would make CarMax expand its services to the international community and widen its market. Lastly, by going international, CarMax would improve its image as an international company. The company would also deal in a wide range of cars such as pickups and Nissan motorcycles. This would enable the company to outshine major rival companies such as General Motors (American Suzuki Motor Corporation, 2013). Question 3 Marathon Oil Corporation has a cost leadership system that improves level of efficiency and reduces costs of operation. Such system is able to convince countries to allow Marathon Oil Corporation to operate in their regions in a cost-effective mode. This has enabled the company to deliver goods and services to its clients at a relatively lower price compared to its rivals. The company has also differentiated its

Blindness in Oedipus the King :: Oedipus Rex, Sophocles

â€Å"The blind man sees and the seeing man is blind.† To what extent is this true in Oedipus the King? â€Å"To be wise is to suffer.† Throughout this play we see that after Oedipus suffers and loses his eyesight it is only then he is able to seek the truth. When we are first introduced to Oedipus, he is a strong leader who is thoroughly respected by the people of Thebes. â€Å"O greatest of men.† Oedipus was the saviour of Thebes 15 years before he solved the riddle of the Sphinx which freed the city from the plague and death. Because of this act, he inherited the throne although when a new disaster threatened the prosperity of the city, the people of Thebes turned to Oedipus. â€Å"I grieve for you my children. Believe me; I know all that you desire of me, all that you suffer.† Oedipus learns that there is an â€Å"unclean thing† which is polluting their soil. He declares punishment to this thing that if he owns up now then his punishment will not be harsh but if he conceals the truth and it later outed then nothing will save him. â€Å"No matter who he may be, he is forbidden shelter or intercourse with any man.† After declaring this punishment, Oedipus is approached by Teiresias, a frail, blind prophet who says that Oedipus is the â€Å"cursed polluter of this land.† Oedipus is horrified by this accusation and mocks the blind prophet. Later on in the play, we see that Oedipus becomes the figure he once mocked. At the beginning, we are informed that Oedipus has murdered his father and married his mother. Throughout the play, we observe how Oedipus is completely oblivious to this knowledge and we are able to watch how he learns about the truth. As he follows the path to his destruction he becomes aware of the truth. Upon learning that he has killed his father and married his mother, Oedipus gouges out his eyes and makes himself blind. He feels that if he kills himself then he must face his mother/wife and father in heaven and he does not have the strength to do so. Blindness in Oedipus the King :: Oedipus Rex, Sophocles â€Å"The blind man sees and the seeing man is blind.† To what extent is this true in Oedipus the King? â€Å"To be wise is to suffer.† Throughout this play we see that after Oedipus suffers and loses his eyesight it is only then he is able to seek the truth. When we are first introduced to Oedipus, he is a strong leader who is thoroughly respected by the people of Thebes. â€Å"O greatest of men.† Oedipus was the saviour of Thebes 15 years before he solved the riddle of the Sphinx which freed the city from the plague and death. Because of this act, he inherited the throne although when a new disaster threatened the prosperity of the city, the people of Thebes turned to Oedipus. â€Å"I grieve for you my children. Believe me; I know all that you desire of me, all that you suffer.† Oedipus learns that there is an â€Å"unclean thing† which is polluting their soil. He declares punishment to this thing that if he owns up now then his punishment will not be harsh but if he conceals the truth and it later outed then nothing will save him. â€Å"No matter who he may be, he is forbidden shelter or intercourse with any man.† After declaring this punishment, Oedipus is approached by Teiresias, a frail, blind prophet who says that Oedipus is the â€Å"cursed polluter of this land.† Oedipus is horrified by this accusation and mocks the blind prophet. Later on in the play, we see that Oedipus becomes the figure he once mocked. At the beginning, we are informed that Oedipus has murdered his father and married his mother. Throughout the play, we observe how Oedipus is completely oblivious to this knowledge and we are able to watch how he learns about the truth. As he follows the path to his destruction he becomes aware of the truth. Upon learning that he has killed his father and married his mother, Oedipus gouges out his eyes and makes himself blind. He feels that if he kills himself then he must face his mother/wife and father in heaven and he does not have the strength to do so.

Newspaper Analysis

The front page of a newspaper provides a great deal of information on various subjects. Most newspapers include a weather forecast, an index or brief description of articles inside the paper, and a small sports scorecard to accompany the local and national news. Newspapers also concentrate on how to grab the attention of readers. They most commonly use a larger, darker type of print, mixture of color, and/or pictures on the front page of the paper. A newspaper s job is to update people on the happenings around the world as well as in their own community. Community size often may influence or even dictate the findings on the front page of a newspaper. Normally the front page of a newspaper lets a person in on the findings throughout the remaining sections of the paper. A small index, or article description containing page numbers, usually shows a reader what the rest of paper contains. Accompanying this index, usually a forecast of the weather to come in the next few days manages to make it on the front page also. Some papers actually save the die-hard sports fans some time by having a miniature scoreboard recapping the scores of the day before. Remember that this doesn t apply to all papers only to some. Newspapers constantly look for more readers and to help attract these readers many attempt to dress up their paper. While some papers remain basic and plain, others add color and size to font in a try to appeal to readers. Background color adds a little life to an otherwise regular dull off white that normally associates itself with newspapers. The larger font highlighted in bold to draw the eyes of a reader in that direction gives each article its own personalized title instead of simply a lead in to the article itself. Negative effects, also come from the attempt at adding life to the paper. A few readers become disgusted with the constant multiple page articles. The large font makes articles small space assigned to it that much smaller, so readers frequently find themselves finishing articles on a second page. Pictures commonly graze the front page of newspapers. From local events to national disasters they provide for a break in reading. Even when reading a book, many people skim the pages looking for pictures to give an image to the writings in that book. The pictures do not necessarily link with the articles on the page either; many pictures make the paper without a story behind them. These pictures commonly differ from place to place. If a person were to pick up a small town newspaper they would most likely notice a range of articles from the town wide garage sale to the result of the football game on Friday night. If a person were to pick up a larger based newspaper, they would notice more articles dealing with the community. The difference between newspapers varies ever so slightly. When a person views or observes the pictures from the big city paper they may find some government officials shaking hands or people from another country with distraught looks overcoming their faces. In a local community the newspaper more than likely will not contain pictures pulled off the associated press wire. Pictures on the front page of a small town paper will show children swimming, playing at a local park, or the rodeo queen. A person won t catch these pictures on the cover of a large paper; in fact, articles similar to these most likely would not exist in larger papers. Like pictures, articles also differ from community to community. Not many small papers feature articles about how the President signed another bill or influenced another treaty. The small papers will contain articles about the local chamber of commerce or the recent school board bond issue. The larger newspaper will discuss a variety of national news and possibly work in some details of how the stock market is rising or falling. The larger paper covers so many different communities it is important for them to keep people up to date on the latest news nationally with their sources. With sources obtained by the larger paper their ability to cover national news makes them the money. Different papers cover different topics or issues. Newspapers bring information about various subjects to people. People in return relay this information to other people, in effect notifying others of the happenings in our world. The importance of the newspaper takes us back in history to the time of the Sons of Liberty. They were not far enough advanced to produce a newspaper and disperse it among the colonies. They had to send representatives to meetings to tell of their mistreatment by the British. This only happened through organized meetings at different times. Small newspapers cover local news happening around several communities. Even though it covers several communities, small papers create a feel of a hometown paper. Large papers just don t create that feel of a hometown paper even though they also cover many communities. These papers are relied on to bring the people the national news that escapes the smaller papers. Their emphasis on national news makes them the leading sellers. Every newspaper covers their fair share of news, only each paper s front page will contain the news they will exhibit throughout the remaining of their paper. Simply put remember to find national news go to the big city paper and for your local news pick up a small newspaper.

The Presidential Powers Has Increased Over Time - 1456 Words

Presidential Powers In this paper we will compare the formal and informal powers if the President and we will explore how and why the Presidential powers have increased over time. The history of the Presidency is an account of aggrandizement; one envisions, today, a President with far reaching power, however, when looking at the Constitution alone we find a President with significant limits. Is the President of the United States the most powerful person in the world or merely a helpless giant? The President’s formal powers, as found in Article II of the U.S. Constitution, begins with Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. This was the first power listed, signifying the prominence placed on keeping the country secure and safe, especially from foreign invasion. The next formal power of the President is the power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States. An example of said power would be, President Gerald Ford pardoning Richard Nixon following the Watergate scandal and the President ordering a reprieve or delay in the case of a person on death row until their case can be heard by a higher court. The President also has the power to make Treaties, with Senate approval, and to appoint Ambassadors and Supreme Court Judges, again, with Senate confirmation. The constitution requires that the President inform Congress of the State of the Union, this takes the form of an annual State of the Union Address. This may not seem like much of a power, but theShow MoreRelatedObama Administration : Presidential Power1585 Words   |  7 Pagesthe president would have to have powers that matched and the Bush administration made some of the broadest assertions of Presidential power in history. Suddenly the President could launch wars at will, surveil Americans with impunity, and imprison or assassinate Americans at his discretion. 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